Hacı Murad (Agi Morato): An Elusive Dignitary Active in the Second Half of the Sixteenth Century

Hacı Murad (Agi Morato): 16. Yüzyılın İkinci Ya rısında Ele Gelmez Avuca Sığmaz Bir Kodaman

Bu yazı 16. yüzyılın ortalarında Osmanlı sultanının hizmetine giren Dalmaçyalımuhtedi Hacı Murad'ı konu alıyor. Siyasî, toplumsal ve kültürel sermayesini kul-lanarak kısa sürede Akdeniz'in Doğu ve Batı kıyılarını durmadan arşınlayan bir dev-letler arasıilişkiler uzmanı olan bu eyleyici, hizmetlerini sadece Osmanlı padişahlarına, Cezayir-i Garp beylerbeylerine sunmakla kalmaz, Fas sultanları, İspanya Kralı II. Filip ve onun vekilleriyle de yoğun ilişkilere bazen murahhas elçi bazen de aracı olarak girer. Bu çok-kimlikli ve becerikli aracının kolaylıkla yeniden inşa edilemeyen yaşam öyküsü örüntüsü, 16. yüzyıldaki devletler-aşırı kimlik oluntuları bağlamında üzer-inde durulmaya değer bir örnektir.

___

Archival Sources

Archivio di Stato di Venezia (ASVe), Dispacci Costantinopoli

Archivo General de Simancas (AGS), Estado, Legajo

Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA), Mühimme Defterleri

Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs (HHStA), Wien, Turcica

Service Historique de l'Armée de Terre (SHAT), Vincennes Modern Works

Arbel, Benjamin: Trading Nations. Jews and Venetians in the Early Modern Eastern Mediter- ranean, Leiden: Brill 1995.

Arce, A.: "Espionaje y ultima aventure de José Nasi (1569-1574)," Sefarad, 13 (1953), pp. 257-286.

Bostan, İdris: "Kılıç Ali," Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi.

Braudel, Fernand: La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l'époque de Philippe II, Paris : Armand Colin 1985.

Brownlee, Marina: "Zoraida's White Hand and Cervantes' Rewriting of History," Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, LXXXII/5 (2005), pp. 569-586.

Canavaggio, Jean : Cervantes, entre vida y creación, Alcalá de Henares : Centro de Estudios Cervantinos 2000.

...., "Le 'Vrai' visage d'Agi Morato", Les Langues Néo-Latines, no. 239 (1981), pp. 22-38.

Canosa, Romano: Lepanto: Storia della « Lega Santa » contro i Turchi, Milano: Sapere 2000

Castries, Comte de (ed.), Les sources inédites de l'histoire du Maroc, 1ère série, dynastie sa'dienne (1539-1560), Archives et Bibliothèques d'Angleterre. Serie I, Paris: Paul Geuthner; London: Luzac et Cie, 1918.

D'Aubigné, Agrippa: Histoire universelle, André Thierry (ed.), Genève: Droz 1988.

De Franceschi, Sylvio Hermann: "La diplomatie henricienne et les ambitions françaises de suprématie temporelle sur la république chrétienne", Annales. Histoire, économie et société, XXIII/4 (2004), pp. 551-585.

De Grammont H.-D. (ed.), Histoire des rois d'Alger, par fray Diego de Haedo, Alger: Adolphe Jourdan 1881.

Fabris, Antonio: "Hasan 'Il Veneziano' tra Algeri e Costantinopoli", in Veneziani in Le- vante. Musulmani a Venezia, Quaderni di Studi Arabi, suppl. XV (1997), pp. 51-66.

Fuchs, Barbara: Mimesis and Empire: The New World, Islam, and European Identities, Cam- bridge Mass, Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Garcés, Mar a Antonia: Cervantes in Algiers: A Captive's Tale, Nashville: Vanderbilt Uni- versity Press 2002.

Garcés, Mar a Antonia & Diana de Armas Wilson (eds.): An Early Modern Dialogue with Islam: Antonio de Sosa's Topography of Algiers (1612), Notre Dame (Indiana): Univer- sity of Notre Dame Press, 2011.

Garc a-Arenal, Mercedes: A Man of Three Worlds: Samuel Pallache, a Moroccan Jew in Catholic and Protestant Europe. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.

...., "Textos españoles sobre Marruecos en el siglo XVI: Fr. Juan Bautista y su Chrónica de Muley Abdelmelech," Al-Qantara, 2 (1981), pp. 168-92.

Grunebaum-Ballim, Pierre: Joseph Naci: Duc de Naxos, Paris: Mouton, 1968.

Gürkan, Emrah Safa: "The Center and the Frontier: Ottoman Cooperation with the North African Corsairs in the Sixteenth Century," Turkish Historical Review, vol. I/2 (2010), pp. 125-63.

...., "My Money or Your Life: Habsburg Hunt for Uluc Ali," Studia historica. Historia moderna, XXXVI (2014), pp. 121-145.

...., "Mediating Boundaries: Mediterranean Go-betweens and Cross-Confessional Di- plomacy in Constantinople, 1560-1600," Journal of Early Modern History 19, 2-3 (2015), pp. 107-128.

Işıksel, Güneş: La diplomatie de Selîm II: paramètres et périmètres de l'Empire ottoman dans le troisième quart du XVIe siècle, Louvain-Paris-Walpole: Peeters, 2016.

...., "Ottoman Suzerainty over Morocco during Abdulmelik's Reign (1576-1578): A Re- assessment," Marinos Sariyannis et al. (eds.), New Trends in Ottoman Studies: Papers presented at the 20th CIÉPO Symposium Rethymno, 27 June - 1 July 2012, Rethymno: University of Crete 2014, pp. 568-577.

...., "A letter to Shahzade Selim to Charles IX of France on the 'Nassi Affair'," Cadernos de Estudos Sefarditas, VII (2007), pp. 247-254.

Knecht, Robert J., The French Wars of Religion 1559-1598, New York: Longman, 2007.

Lesure, Michel: "Les Relations franco-ottomanes à l'épreuve des guerres de Religion (1560-1594)," Hamit Batu, Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont (eds.), L'Empire ottoman, la République de la Turquie et la France, Istanbul: Editions Isis, 1986, pp. 37-57.

Monluc, Blaise de: Commentaires (1521-1576), Paris: Gallimard, 1964.

Oliver-As n, Jaime: "La hija de Agi Morato en la obra de Cervantes," Bulletin de la Real Academia Española, XXVII (1947-1948), pp. 245-339.

Roth, Cecil: The House of Nasi: The Duke of Naxos, Philadelphia, Jewish Publication Society of America 1948.

...., "Joseph Nasi, Duke of Naxos, and the Counts of Savoy," The Jewish Quarterly Review, New Ser., Vol. 57 (1967), pp. 460-472.

Schefer, Charles & Henri Hauser (eds.): Le Voyage du Levant de Philippe du Fresne Canaye, Paris : E. Leroux 1897.

Segre, Arturo: Emmanuele Philiberto e la Repubblica di Venezia (1548-1580), Venezia: Deputazione di storia patria per la Venezia, 1901.

Skilliter, Susan:  "The Hispano-Ottoman Armistice of 1581," in Clifford E. Bosworth (ed.), Iran and Islam: In Memory of the Late Vladimir Minorsky, Edinburgh, Edin- burgh University Press, 1971, pp. 491-515.

...., "Catherine de' Medici's Turkish Ladies in Waiting: A Dilemma in Franco-Ottoman Diplomatic Relations", Turcica VII (1975), pp. 188-204.

Sola, Emilio: Uchali: El Calabres Tinoso, o el mito del corsario muladi en la frontera, Bar- celona: Bellaterra 2011.

Valensi, Lucette Fables de la mémoire. La glorieuse bataille des trois Rois, Paris: Seuil, 1992.

Veinstein, Gilles: "Les capitulations franco-ottomanes de 1536 sont-elles encore con- troversables ?," in Vera Costantini et Markus Koller (eds.), Living in the Ottoman Ecumenical Community. Essays in honour of Suraiya Faroqhi, Leiden: Brill, 2008, pp. 71-88.

...., "Autour de la lettre de Selim II aux andalous et des origines de la guerre de Chypre," Encarnación Sanchez, Garc a Pablo Mart n Asuero & Michele Bernardini (eds.), España y el Oriente islámico entre los siglos XV y XVI. Imperio Otomano, Persia y Asia central, Istanbul: ISIS 2007, pp. 271-281.

Véronne, Chantal de la (ed.) : Les sources inédites de l'histoire du Maroc, 1ère série, dynastie sa'dienne (1539-1560), Archives et Bibliothèques d'Espagne, Tome III (1560-1578), Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1961.

...., Histoire sommaire des Sa'diens au Maroc, Paris: Geuthner, 1997.

...., "Relations entre le Maroc et la Turquie dans la seconde moitié du XVIe siècle et le début du XVIIe siècle (1554-1616)," Revue de l'Occident musulman et de la Méditer- ranée, XV\1 (1978), pp. 391-401.