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Terör, Otonomi ve Aktörlük: PYD ve Sivil Savaş Kaynaklı Siyasal Fırsatların Kullanımı

Suriye Kürtleri sivil savaşa kadar uluslararası arenada az bilinen bir etnik azınlık konumundadır 2011 yılında patlak veren iç savaş Kürtler açısından bazı fırsatlar ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, terör örgütü Kürdistan İşçi Partisi, PKK’nın Suriye kolu olan Demokratik Birlik Partisi, PYD’nin Suriye’de politik bir aktör haline gelmesine katkıda bulunan sivil savaş kaynaklı fırsatları, “siyasal fırsatlar” kavramsal çerçevesi kapsamında değerlendirmektir. Makale temel olarak, Suriye sivil savaşının ilk beş yılında Kürtler için üç kritik siyasal fırsatın ortaya çıktığını ve terör örgütü PKK’nın Suriye kolu olan PYD’nin bu fırsatlar aracılığıyla ülkede politik bir aktör haline gelme yolunda önemli adımlar attığını ortaya koymaya çalışmaktadır. Bu siyasal fırsatlar sırasıyla Mart 2011’de iç çatışmaların başlaması, Temmuz 2012’de Suriye rejim güçlerinin ülkenin kuzeyinden çekilmesi ve Eylül 2014’te DAEŞ’in Kobani’yi (Ayn al Arab) kuşatmasıdır. Makale, Suriye sivil savaşının ilk beş yılında ortaya çıkan fırsatları siyasal fırsatlar kavramsal çerçevesi kapsamında değerlendirmekte ve bu fırsatların PYD’nin politik bir aktör haline gelmesinde oynadığı rolleri ampirik olarak analiz etmektedir. Bu haliyle makale Türkçe akademik literatürde PYD’nin aktörleşmesiyle ilgili yapılan tartışmalara katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Siyasal Fırsatlar, Suriye Sivil Savaşı, PYD, PKK, DAEŞ

Terror, Autonomy and Actorship: The PYD and Utilization of the Political Opportunities of A Civil War

particularly before the Syrian civil war. Following the outbreak of the conflict, the Kurds had some unprecedented opportunities. The purpose of this article is to assess these opportunities, which led the Democratic Union Party (PYD), the Syrian affiliate of the terrorist organisation, the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), to become a political actor, in the concept of the political opportunities. The article argues that there were three critical political opportunities for the PYD during the first five years of the civil war and by seizing these opportunities, the PYD almost became a political actor in Syria. They were the outbreak of the Syrian conflict in March 2011, the withdrawal of the Syrian government forces from northern Syria in July 2012 and the DAESH siege on Kobane in September 2014. By empirically analysing these developments and conceptualising them in the context of the political opportunities, the article aims to contribute to the academic literature in Turkey, which discusses the reasons how the PYD became a political actor in Syria.
Keywords:

Political Opportunities, Syrian Civil War, PYD, PKK, DAESH,

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Ortadoğu Etütleri-Cover
  • ISSN: 1309-1557
  • Başlangıç: 2009
  • Yayıncı: ORTADOĞU ARAŞTIRMALARI DERNEĞİ
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