Bütünleşik Tasarım Sistemi Arayışı: Geçmişten Günümüze Girişimlere Toplu Bir Bakış

The Quest for Integrated Desing System: A Brieef Survey of Past and Current Efforts

Mimarların daha “kaliteli” binaları daha kısa sürede tasarlamalarına yardımcı olmak yapım sektörüne yönelik geliştirilen bilgisayar destekli teknolojilerin ana hedefidir. Mimarların tasarımlarını sadece çizmek değil, yapım sektöründe var olan uzmanlık alanlarının bakış açılarıyla değerlendirmeyi de destekleyen bir Bütünleşik Tasarım Sistemi yaratmak için son 30 yıldır yapılan bütün çalışmalar sonuçsuz kalmıştır. Son yıllarda çevreci yaklaşımların önem kazanmasıyla beraber eğitim kurumlarında bina başarımı konularına ağırlık verilmesi zorunlu olmuştur. Fakat öğrenci çalışmalarını destekleyecek yeterli bir bilgi teknolojisi altyapısı halen yoktur. Bu yazıda, geçmişten günümüze bu alanda yapılan çalışmalar tanıtılarak bütünleşik tasarım yaklaşımlarını desteklemek isteyen eğitimcilerin onları bekleyen sorunları daha iyi tanımaları hedeflenmiştir.

___

  • AUGENBROE, G. (1995) COMBINE 2, Final Report, CEC-JOULE program, Brussels, http://dutcu15.tudelft.nl/~combine/.
  • BAZJANAC, V. (2004) Building Energy Performance Simulation as Part of Interoperable Software Environments, Building and Environment (39) 879-83.
  • BEHRMAN, W. (2002) Best Practices for the Development and Use of XML Data Interchange Standards, Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE) Technical Report #131, July 2002.
  • BIJL, A., SHAWCROSS, G. (1975) Housing Site Layout System, Computer- Aided Design, 7 (1) 2-10.
  • BJORK, B.C. (1995) Requirements and Information Structures for Building Product Models, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Research Report, Publication 245.
  • BÖHMS, H.M., STORER, G. (1993) Architecture, Methodology and Tools for Computer Integrated Large Scale Engineering (ATLAS) - Methodology for Open Systems Integration, ESPRIT 7280, Technical report, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands.
  • BORKIN, H., McINTOSH, J., McINTOSH, P.(1981) ARCH:Model: A Geometric Modeling Relational Database System, ARCH: Model User’s Manual, Architectural Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
  • CALDAS, L.G., NORFORD, L.K. (2002) A Design Optimization Tool Based on a Genetic Algorithm, Automation in Construction, 11(2) 173-84.
  • EASTMAN, C.M., HENRION, M. (1977) GLIDE: A Language for Design Information Systems, SIGGRAPH’77 Proceedings of Computer Graphics, 11 (2) 24-33.
  • EASTMAN, C.M., JENG, T-S., ASSAL, H., CHO, M. and CHASE, S. (1995) EDM-2 Reference Manual, Center for Design and Computation, UCLA.
  • FENVES, S. J., FLEMMING, U., HENDRICKSON, C., MAHER, M.L., SCHMITT, G. (1989) An Integrated Software Environment for Building Design and Construction, CIFE Symposium Proceedings, March 1989.
  • FISCHER, M., KAM, C. (2002) CIFE Technical Report Number 143: PM4D Final Report, Stanford: CIFE, Stanford University.
  • FLEMMING, U., WOODBURY, R. (1995) Software Environment to Support Early Phases in Building Design (SEED), Overview, Journal of Architectural Engineering, v: 1; 147-52.
  • FLEMMING, U., AYGEN, Z., SNYDER, J., TSAI, J. (1996) A2: An Architectural Agent in a Collaborative Engineering Environment, Technical Report EDRC-48-38-96, Engineering Design and Research Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • GIELINGH, W., LOS, R., LUITEN, B. (1996) The PISA Project, a Survey on STEP. Shaker, Aachen.
  • HOSKINS, E.M. (1973) Computer Aids in System Building, Computer-Aided Design, J. Vlietstra and R. Weilinga (eds.) North-Holland Press, NY; 127-40.
  • ILAL, M.E., MACIT, S. (2007) Integration of an Acoustic Simulation Tool with CAAD Environments using ifcXML, Enterprise Interoperability II, 3rd International Conference on Interoperability for Enterprise Software and Applications, Madeira, Portugal; 807-10.
  • IAI (2006) Industry Foundation Classes IFC2x Edition 3, http://www. iaiinternational.org/Model/R2x3_final/ index.htm.
  • KHEDRO, T., CASE, M., FLEMMING, U., GENESERETH, M., LOGCHER, R., PEDERSEN, C., SNYDER, J., SRIRAM, R., TEICHOLZ, P. (1995) Development of Multi-Institutional Testbed for Collaborative Facility Engineering Infrastructure, Computing in Civil Engineering, v: 2 (Proceedings of the Second Congress held in conjunction with the A/E/C Systems ‘95, Atlanta, Georgia, June 5-8) American Society of Civil Engineers, New York; 1308-15.
  • MAHDAVI, A.(1996) SEMPER: A New Computational Environment for Simulation-based Building Design Assistance, Energy and Mass Flows in the Life Cycle of Buildings (Proceedings of the 1996 International Symposium of CIB W67) Vienna, Austria; 467-72.
  • MALKAWI, A.M. (2004) Developments in Environmental Performance Simulation, Automation in Construction, v: 13 (4) 437-45.
  • MARIR, F., AOUAD, G., COOPER, G. (1998) OSCONCAD: A Model-based CAD System Integrated with Computer Applications, Itcon, v: 3; 25-43.
  • MEAGER, M.A. (1973) The Application of Computer Aids to Hospital Building, Computer-Aided Design, J. Vlietstra and R. Weilinga (eds.) North-Holland Press, NY; 424-53.
  • MONKS, M., OH, B.M., DORSEY, J. (2000) Audioptimization: goal-based acoustic design, Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE Journal, v: 20 (3) 76–90.
  • NEGROPONTE N. (1970) The Architecture Machine, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • NYTSCH-GEUSEN, C., KLEMPIN, C., NUNEZ VON VOIGT, J., RADLER, J. (2003) Integration of CAAD, Thermal Building Simulation and CFD by Using The IFC Data Exchange Format, Eighth International IBPSA, Eindhoven, Netherlands; 967-74.
  • OMG (1999) The Common Object Request Broker: Architecture and Specification, Object Management Group Formal Documentation, Formal/1999-10-07.
  • O’SULLIVAN, B., KEANE, M. (2005) Specification of an IFC Based Intelligent Graphical User Interface to Support Building Energy Simulation. IBPSA 2005, Montreal, Canada; 875-82.
  • PAPAMICHAEL, K. (1999) Application of information technologies in building design decisions, Building Research and Information, v: 27(1) 20-34.
  • PLUME, J., MITCHELL, J. (2005) A Multi–Disciplinary Design Studio using a Shared IFC Building Model Martens, (Proceedings of the 11th International CAAD Futures Conference) Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
  • POHL, J., LA PORTA, J., POHL, K.J., SNYDER, J. (1992) AEDOT Prototype (1.1): An Implementation of the ICADS Model, Technical Report CADRU-07-92, CAD Research Unit, Design Institute, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, California, USA.
  • ROBERTS A., MARSH, A. (2001) Ecotect: Environmental Prediction in Architectural Education, in eCAADe; 342-7.
  • SCHMITT, G. (1991) Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures. Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications, CAAD Futures 1991 Conference Proceedings, Zurich, Switzerland; 9-16.
  • SHEA, K., AISH R., GOURTOVAIA, M. (2005) Towards Integrated Performance-driven Generative Design Tools, Automation in Construction, v: 14 (2) 253-64.
  • U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL (2002) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Green Building Rating System, Version 2.0. [Electronic Version] Retrieved December 9, 2002, http://www. usgbc.org/Docs/LEEDdocs/LEED_RS_v2-1.pdf.