The concept of ‘code’ is known as a ‘cipher’ in English and it is used in the linguistic and semiology for defining the communication phenomenon. The concept of code should be conceived with ‘ethnicity’ and ‘identity’ as ‘ethnic identity codes’ for connoting cultural emblems of ethnicities in social sciences. In this study, the concept of ‘ethnic identity codes’ is offered for ethnomusicology to analyse regional music cultures. Before all else in this study, it was emphasized that the place of ethnic identity codes in the linguistic and semiologic models. After, it was emphasized that the relation of ethnic identity codes with ethnicity, regionality and ideology. In this study, it was specially laid stress on different music genres, which consist of variable combinations of ethnic identity codes in music, and their function, which provide to constitute and to strengthen different ideologies such as the bases of religion, state, Marxism etc., like other cultural elements (literature, food, clothing e.t.c.) Lastly, it was exemplified about ethnic identity codes in music in this study. All the original/discriminative cultural elements of music such as genre, instrument, style, religious-non religious musical lyrics and dance, regional dialect or language was handled under the umbrella of ‘ethnic identity codes.’