HANİFİ ÜZÜM, NEVZAT MİRZEOĞLU, ERCAN POLAT, SELÇUK AKPINAR

DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS SCALE FOR ATHLETES

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sporcuların örgütsel stres düzeyini tespit etmek için kullanılacak bir ölçüm aracı geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla Futbol, Basketbol, Voleybol ve Hentbolculardan oluşan evrenden iki ayrı örneklem alınmıştır. Birinci örneklem (N=479), ikinci örneklem (N=430) sporcudan oluşmuştur. Birinci örneklem için, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan 139 maddeden oluşan ölçeğe, Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi yapılmış ve 43 maddenin öz değeri 1den büyük 5 faktör altında toplandığı saptanmıştır. Bu faktörler; antrenör davranışı α=0.95, yönetim ve finansman α=0.86, sağlık ve beslenme α=0.82, seyirci davranışları α=0.86 ve kararlara katılma α=0.70 alt boyutları olarak adlandırılmıştır. Toplam ölçeğin alfa değeri ise α=0.96 bulunmuştur. Elde edilen 43 maddelik bu ölçek Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi için ikinci örnekleme uygulanmış ve analiz sonucunda Ki-karenin serbestlik derecesine oranı (??/sd=2,42) bulunmuştur. Diğer uyum iyiliği değerleri ise RMSEA=0.057, NFI=0.96, NNFI=0.97, CFI=0.98, GFI=0,87 ve AGFI=0.85 olarak belirlenmiş ve ölçekteki soru sayısı 30a düşmüştür. Toplam ölçeğin alfa değerinin α=0.94 olduğu, alt boyutlardan ise antrenör davranışı α=0.91, yönetim ve finansman α=0.87, sağlık ve beslenme α=0.82, seyirci davranışı α=0.82 ve kararlara katılma alt boyutunun ise α=0.70 olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar, geliştirilen ölçüm aracının sporcuların örgütsel stres düzeylerini ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

SPDORCULAR İÇİN ÖRGÜTSEL STRES DÜZEYİ BELİRLEME ÖLÇEĞİ

The purpose of this study is to develop an instrument to assess the level of athletes organizational stress. For this purpose, two samples were taken from athletes playing soccer, basketball, volleyball, and handball. The number of athletes was N=479 for the first sample and was N=430 for the second sample. The draft version of the scale consisted of 139 items and was distributed to the first sample. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the first data set. There were 43 items which had eigenvalues above 1 and these items were loaded under five factors. These factors were subscaled as trainer behaviors α=0.95, management and finance α=0.86, health and nutrition α=0.82, spectator behaviors α=0.86 and participating decision making α=0.70. This obtained 43-item scale was administered to the second sample to apply confirmatory factor analysis. Chi-square/degrees of freedom ratio was found as (??/df =2.42). The other parameters were determined as RMSEA=0.057, NFI=0.96, NNFI=0.97, CFI=0.98, GFI=0. 87 and AGFI=0.85, and 13 items were excluded from the scale. Total Cronbach alpha for the final version of scale was found to be α=0.94, for the subscales as followed; trainer behaviors α=0.91, management and finance α=0.87, health and nutrition α=0.82, spectator behaviors α=0.82, and participating decision making α=0.70. In conclusion, this developed instrument is valid and reliable to assess the level of athletes organizational stress.

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