Lise Öğrencilerinin Onuncu Sınıf Fizik Dersi Elektrik Konusundaki Ön Bilgilerinin Tespit Edilmesi

Öğrencilerin öğretim öncesinde sahip oldukları ön bilgi öğretmenin ilgilenmesi gereken hususlardan birisidir. Birçok kavram yanılgısını ve yanlış anlamayı barındıran elektrik konusunda da öğrencilerin ön bilgilerini tespit etmek önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmada, lise onuncu sınıf öğrencilerinin ön bilgilerini belirmeyebilmek adına çoktan seçmeli bir başarı testi geliştirmek ve öğrencilerin daha çok hangi kavramlarda eksik bilgilere sahip olduklarını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, tarama modellerinin bir çeşidi olan kesitsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Beş seçenekli 15 çoktan seçmeli sorudan oluşan bir başarı testi geliştirilmiş ve bu test 373 onuncu sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde ortalama ve faktör analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğrencilerin ön bilgi bakımından elektrik devre elemanlarının sembollerinde başarılı oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin elektrik devresi kurma, ampulün direnci, seri ve paralel bağlama ile Ohm yasası alt başlıklarında ön bilgi bakımından daha zayıf olduğu söylenebilir. Liselerde görev yapan fizik öğretmenlerine, elektrik konusunda öğretime başlamadan önce elektrik devresi kurma, ampulün direnci, seri ve paralel bağlama kavramlarını hatırlatmaları önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

fizik, elektrik, ön bilgi

Developing a Measurement Tool for the Tenth Class Physics Course Electricity Unit and Determining the Prior Knowledge of the Students

Prior knowledge of the students before the teaching is one of the issues that the teacher should deal with. It is also important to identify students' prior knowledge about electricity, which contains many misconceptions and misunderstandings. In this study, it is aimed to develop a multiple choice achievement test in order to determine the prior knowledge of tenth grade students and to identify in which concepts the students have incomplete information. In this research, cross-sectional survey model, which is a kind of survey methods, was used. An achievement test consisting of 15 multiple-choice questions with five options was developed and applied to 373 tenth grade students. Mean and factor analysis were used in the analysis of the obtained data. As a result of the research, it was determined that students were successful in symbols of electrical circuit elements in terms of prior knowledge. It can be said that the students are weak in terms of building electrical circuit, resistance of the bulb, serial and parallel connection and Ohm's law. It may be suggested to physics teachers working in high schools to remind them about the concepts of building electrical circuit, resistance of the bulb, serial and parallel connection before starting the teaching of electricity.

Keywords:

physics, electricity, prior knowledge,

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