ÖzetOsmanlı Devleti'nde, eğitim alanında görülen yenileşme hareketleri içerisinde önemli bir yer tutan Rüşdiye mektepleri, zamanla ülkenin en yaygın ve en önemli eğitim kurumu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın konusu olan Tarsus Rüşdiyesi de kuruluşunda itibaren Cumhuriyet yıllarına kadar şehrin en önemli Müslüman okulu olma özelliğini korumuştur. Ancak bu süreçte yapısal olarak birçok değişikliğe uğrayan okul, zamanla klasik rüşdiyeden ibtidaî programlı rüşdiye statüsüne geçirilmiş daha sonra da ilkokula dönüştürülmüştür. Tarsus Rüşdiyesi'nin bu değişim süreci ile ilgili en önemli kayıtlar Tarsus'ta bulunan Sakarya İlköğretim Okulunun arşivinde bulunmaktadır. Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü'nün envanterine girmemiş ve adeta bir köşede saklı kalmış olan bu arşivde, Tarsus Rüşdiyesi başta olmak üzere Rehber-i Füyûz, Memba-ı İrfan, Erkek Numûne ve Misak-ı Milli Okullarına ait sene sonu imtihan cetvelleri, muallim sicil defterleri ve künye defterleri bulunmaktadır. Bu vesikalardan eğitim-öğretimin süresi, okutulan dersler ve bu derslerde yıldan yıla yapılan değişiklikler, öğrenci sayıları ve başarı oranları gibi birçok konuda istatistikî veriye ulaşılmıştır. Bu verilerin değerlendirilmesiyle de Osmanlı Devleti'nde sıradan bir taşra rüşdiyesinin nitelikleri belirlenmiş, açılışından kapanışına kadar geçen süreçte, değişimi ve dönüşüm evreleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tarsus, Rüşdiye, Rehber-i Füyûz Mektebi, Erkek Numune Mektebi, Misak-ı Milli İlkokuluAbstract Rushdiye schools which has an important place among the reform movements on education has been most common and important education establishment of Ottoman Empire. Rushdiye of Tarsus as a subject of this study,  maintained its role as most important Muslim school of the city since its foundation to the first years of Turkish Republic. On the other hand school has been exposed many structural varieties in this process and has been completed its mission as a primary school while it had started as a Rushdiye. The most important records about Rushdiye of Tarsus were at the archieves of Sakarya Primary School in Tarsus. Nowadays final exam statement, teacher registry notes and personal records about Rehberi Füyuz, Memba-ı İrfan, Erkek Numune schools and most of all Rushdiye of Tarsus has the most excessive documantation of all. Statistical data about length of academic year, lessons, changes of lesson applied year after year, number of students, sucseses of student and lots of related issues were obtained from these statements which are the main source of investigation. This study aims to indicate characteristics of an ordinary country rushdiye, development and trasformation stage within the duration from its beginning to its closing with evaluationing these data.Key Words: Tarsus, Rushdiye, Rehber-i Füyuz School, Erkek Numune School, Misak-ı Milli Primary School

Rushdiye schools which has an important place among the reform movements on education has been most common and important education establishment of Ottoman Empire. Rushdiye of Tarsus as a subject of this study maintained its role as most important Muslim school of the city since its foundation to the first years of Turkish Republic. On the other hand school has been exposed many structural varieties in this process and has been completed its mission as a primary school while it had started as a Rushdiye. The most important records about Rushdiye of Tarsus were at the archives of Sakarya Primary School in Tarsus. Nowadays final exam statement, teacher registry notes and personal records about Rehberi Füyuz, Memba-ı İrfan, Erkek Numune schools and most of all Rushdiye of Tarsus has the most excessive documentation of all. Statistical data about length of academic year, lessons, and changes of lesson applied year after year, number of students, successes of student and lots of related issues were obtained from these statements which are the main source of investigation. This study aims to indicate characteristics of an ordinary country rushdiye, development and transformation stage within the duration from its beginning to its closing with evaluationing these data.