Uçan Arabaların İniş Takımı ve Süspansiyon Sisteminin, İniş ve Engel Geçme Manevraları için Performans Modellemesi

Havacılık ve otomotiv sektöründeki son zamanlarda yapılan araştırma ve geliştirme çalışmaları neticesinde uçan araba geliştirilmiştir. Uçan arabalar küçük bir uçak ve binek araç taşıtlarının birleştirilmesinde oluşup, her iki taşıdın da üstün özelliklerini taşımaktadırlar ve hem kara ve hem hava yolu taşımacılığı için kapıdan kapıya ulaşım sağlamaktadırlar. Ticari olarak birçok firma son zamanlarda uçan arabalara yatırım yapmakta olup, 5 yıl içerisinde nihai müşteriye ürün satışı beklenmektedir. Uçan araçların süspansiyon sistemi tasarımı, bu sistemlerin hem uçak hem de binek araç müşterilerinin gereksinimlerini karşılaması gerektiği için; ürün geliştirme sürecinde oldukça önemli bir yer kaplamaktadır. Bu çalışmada bir uçan arabanın süspansiyon sistemi, 2 serbestlik dereceli Kütle-Yay-Sönümleyici sistemi kullanılarak çeyrek araç modeli prensiplerine göre Matlab/Simulink programında modellenmiştir. İlgili hakaret denklemler verilip, model iniş takımları için öncelikle bir iniş manevrası simülasyonu için çalıştırılmıştır. Sonrasında aynı model araç sürüş simülasyonu doğrultusunda engel geçme manevrası için kullanılmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde uçan araba tasarımı tasarım parametreleri için kabul edilebilir performans parametreleri kümesi tanımlanmıştır: süspansiyon sistemi sönümleme elemanı üzerindeki kuvvet, iniş manevrası süspansiyon sistemi yer değiştirmesi ve engel geçme manevrasındaki maksimum ivme.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Uçak iniş takımları, uçan araba, süspansiyon sistemi

Performance Modelling of Landing Gear and Suspension System of a Flying Car for Landing and Bump Passing Manoeuvres

Recent research and development activities in both in aviation and automotive industries resulted with a genuine product known as roadable aircraft also known as flying car. Roadable aircraft is combination of a small size airplane and a passenger vehicle containing the superior sides of both products; and provides door-to-door transportation by both ground and air. Many companies invested in this product and first commercial units are expected to be the launched within 5 years. Suspension system of a roadable aircrafts plays a significant role in the overall product design, as it should satisfy the customer requirements for both aircrafts and passenger cars: landing and traveling on road. In this study, suspension system of a flying car was modelled in Matlab/Simulink and optimized as a quarter car model employing a 2 DOF Mass-Spring-Damper system. The equations of motion were presented, and the model was firstly simulated as an aircraft landing gear for landing performance. Then the model was run to determine driving performance on road for a typical bump passing manoeuvre. A set of design parameters was determined for acceptable performance outputs: suspension system damping element acting force and displacement for the landing and maximum acceleration for the bump passing performance.

Keywords:

Aircraft landing gear, flying car/roadable aircraft, shock absorber,

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