Emine ÖZDEMİR KAÇER, İlker KAÇER, Ahmet ÇAĞLAR

Pediatrik Maksillofasiyal Travma: 2015-2020 Yılları Arasında Epidemiyolojik Çalışma

Maksillofasial travma en sık görülen travma tipidir ve yüksek morbidite ve mortalitenin önemli bir nedenidir. Çocuklarda yaralanmaların neden olduğu sekeller nedeniyle duygusal travmalar meydana gelmekte ve hayatlarının geri kalan kısmı olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, pediatrik maksillofasial travmaların etiyolojisi, epidemiyolojisi ve yaralanma tipini araştırmak ve çocukların yaralanmasını önlemek için önerilerde bulunmaktır. Bu tanımlayıcı retrospektif çalışma, bir bölge üçüncü basamak hastanesinde yapıldı. Ocak 2015 ile Şubat 2020 arasında acil servise maksillofasial travmaya bağlı tüm başvuruların tıbbi kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Travmanın etiyolojisi, demografik özellikleri, travma tipi, kaza tipi, yaralanma yeri, uygulanan tedaviler ve mortalite kaydedildi. Çalışmaya 288'i kadın (%28) ve 741'i erkek (%72) olmak üzere 4 ay-18 yaş (ortalama 77.67±59.21 ay) 1029 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların çoğu (n=390, %37.9) 13-18 yaş grubundaydı. Araştırma nüfusunun büyük çoğunluğu kentsel alanda (n=753, %73.2) yaşıyordu. Yaralanmaların çoğu yaz aylarında görüldü (n=438, %42.6). Kafa+servikal yaralanmalardan sonra en sık üst ekstremite yaralanmaları (n=171, %16.6), en az göğüs yaralanmaları (n=69, %6.7) görüldü. 57 (%5.5) hastanın hastaneye yatırılması gerekti ve ölüm oranı %1.2 (n=12) idi. Pediatrik maksillofasial travmalar en çok erkek cinsiyette, yaz aylarında, kentsel alanlarda ve motosiklet kazalarına bağlı olarak meydana gelmektedir. Çocuklarda maksillofasial travmaların azaltılması için toplumsal farkındalık artırılmalı ve her yaş grubuna uygun oyun alanları oluşturulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Acil tıp, duygusal travmalar, mandibula kırığı, motosiklet kazası, pediatri.

Pediatric Maxillofacial Trauma: Epidemiologic Study Between 2015 and 2020

Maxillofacial trauma is the most common type of trauma and is an important cause of high morbidity and mortality. Emotional traumas occur in children due to sequelae caused by injuries and the rest of their lives are negatively affected. The aim of this study is to investigate the etiology, epidemiology, and injury type of pediatric maxillofacial traumas, and to make recommendations to prevent child injuries. This descriptive retrospective study was conducted in a regional tertiary hospital. The medical records of all maxillofacial trauma-related admissions to the emergency department between January 2015 and February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Etiology of trauma, demographic characteristics, type of trauma, accident type, injury site, administered treatments, and mortality were recorded. 1029 patients aged 4 months-18 years (mean 77.67±59.21 months) including 288 females (28%) and 741 males (72%) were included in the study. Most of the patients (n=390, 37.9%) were in the 13-18 age group. The vast majority of the study population lived in the urban area (n=753, %73.2). Most injuries were seen in the summer (n=438, %42.6). After head+cervical injuries, upper extremity injuries (n=171, %16.6) were the most common and thoracic injuries (n=69, %6.7) least. 57 (5.5%) patients were required hospitalization and the mortality rate was 1.2% (n=12). Pediatric maxillofacial traumas occur mostly in the male gender, in summer, in urban areas, and due to motorcycle accidents. In order to reduce child maxillofacial traumas, public awareness should be increased and playgrounds suitable for all age groups should be created.

Keywords:

Emergency medicine, emotional traumas, mandible fracture, motorcycle accident, pediatrics.,

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