Baş-boyun bölgesine radyoterapi uygulanan hastaların yutma güçlüğü, ağız kuruluğu ve beslenme durumunda oluşan değişiklikler açısından değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, baş-boyun bölgesine radyoterapi uygulanan hastaların ağız içi muayenesinin yapılması ve sık görülen yan etkilerden olan ağız kuruluğu, yutma güçlüğü ve beslenme durumunda oluşan değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya primer baş boyun kanseri nedeniyle radyoterapi veya kemoradyoterapi uygulaması yapılan, cerrahi tedavi uygulanmamış 18-80 yaş arası 26 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Bulgular: Tedavi başlangıcında çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların tamamında (%100) yutkunmada güçlük ve ağız kuruluğu tespit edildi, 21 tane hastada (%80.2) beslenme problemi bulunmaktaydı. Sonuç: Değişen ve gelişen tedavi seçenekleri ve organ koruyucu yaklaşımla sağ kalımın artması, koruyucu önlemlerin alınmasının, tedavi sonrası oluşan yan etkilerin ortadan kaldırılmasının ve gerek tıp gerekse diş hekimliği için bu konuda farkındalığın geliştirilmesinin önemini daha da arttırmaktadır. Her ne kadar radyoterapi teknikleri ve teknolojisi gelişim kaydetse de çalışmamız tedavi sonrası ağız kuruluğu, yutma güçlüğü ve beslenme bozukluğu gibi morbiditelerin hastalarda halen önemli bir sorun olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ağız kuruluğu, baş-boyun kanseri, radyoterapi, yutma güçlüğü

Evaluation of the changes in swallowing disorder, dry mouth and nutritional status of patients receiving radiotherapy to the head and neck region

Aim: The aim in this study is to perform an oral examination of the patients who have received radiotherapy, mainly of the head and neck region, also, to evaluate the common side effects of radiotherapy (i.e: dysphagia, dry mouth and nutritional problems). Methods: The study included 26 patients ages 18-80 who underwent radiotherapy or chemo radiotherapy for primary head and neck cancer without surgical treatment. Results: At the beginning of treatment all patients(100%) had disphagia and dry mouth, 21 patients (80.2%) had nutritional problems. Conclusion: Due to the changing and improving treatment alternatives and organ-sparing modality, the increase in the survival rate raises the significance of taking protective precautions, eliminating the post-treatment side effects and raising awareness on this issue in terms of both medicine and dentistry. Although radiotherapy and technology have improved, our study has revealed that post-treatment morbidities as dry mouth, dysphagia and nutrition problems are still significant problems for the patients.

Keywords:

Dry mouth, dysphagia, head and neck cancer, radiotherapy,

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