ULUSLARARASI ÖRGÜTLER VE EĞĠTĠM: UNESCO VE UNICEF ÖRNEĞĠ

Bu çalışmada, Birleşmiş Milletler Eğitim, Bilim ve Kültür Örgütü (The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO) ile Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu’nun (The United Nations Children's Fund, UNICEF) eğitim politikaları ele alınmıştır. Sahip oldukları uzmanlık alanlarını, eğitim politikalarını etkilemekte ustalıkla kullanan her iki örgütün yapı ve işleyişinden kaynaklanan farklılıkları, eğitim politikalarına da yansımaktadır. UNESCO, bütçesi olan ve görece özerk bir örgüt olmasına karşın özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başta olmak üzere bazı ülkelerin politik ve ekonomik baskısı altındadır. UNESCO’nun aksine UNICEF Birleşmiş Milletlerin bir uzmanlık birimi olmadığı gibi bağımsız bir bütçesi de yoktur. Bu durum UNICEF’i politik ve ekonomik bakımdan daha bağımlı hale getirmektedir. Dolayısıyla UNICEF eğitim faaliyetlerini bu politik ve ekonomik zemin üzerinden planlamakta ve yürütmektedir. Dünya Bankası’nın stratejik ortakları olan bu iki örgüt neoliberal politikaları doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak uygulamaya geçirmektedir. Eğitim faaliyetlerini yürütmek için özel sektörle sıkı işbirliğinde bulunan bu iki örgütün söz konusu işbirliklerini eğitim ekonomi politiği açısından ele alan çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND EDUCATION: UNESCO AND UNICEF

: In this study, the education policies of The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, (UNESCO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) are discussed. The differences arising from the structure and functioning of both organizations, which skillfully use their expertise in influencing education policies, are reflected in educational policies. Although UNESCO has a budget and relatively autonomous organization, it is under political and economic pressure. Unlike UNESCO, UNICEF is not a specialized unit of the United Nations, nor does it have an independent budget. Therefore it makes UNICEF politically and economically dependent. UNICEF plans and conducts its educational activities on this political and economic basis. These two organizations, which are World Bank.

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