Elvan GÜLÖKSÜZ

Uluslararası İnşaat Müteahhitliği İşlerinin Regülasyonu: Ulusötesi ve Ulusal Çerçeveler Arasındaki Çelişkiler

Bu yazıda, büyük altyapı ve emlak projelerini içeren uluslararası inşaat müteahhitliği işlerinin regülasyonu incelenmektedir. İncelemenin odağını ulusötesi ile ulusal regülasyon arasındaki ilişki oluşturmaktadır. İncelemenin temelinde farklı regülasyon rejimlerinin farklı sermaye kesimlerinin çıkarlarını temsil ettiği ve bu rejimlerin çoğul talepleri karşılamaya çalışan ulusal devletler tarafından biçimlendirildiği düşüncesi yatmaktadır. Bu şekilde, regülasyon rejimlerine, sermaye kesimleri arasındaki çelişkilerin müzakere edildiği bir alan olarak bakılmaktadır. İlk olarak, ulusal devlet ve sermaye kesimlerinin ulusötesi regülasyonu hem ulusal hem de ulusötesi ölçekte müzakere ettikleri ileri sürülmektedir. Bu argüman Dünya Ticaret Örgütünün Gözden Geçirilmiş Kamu İhale Anlaşması, Dünya Bankasının Yeni İhale Çerçevesi, Uluslararası Müşavir Mühendisler Federasyonunun Sözleşme Formları ve Türkiye Kamu İhale Yasasının incelenmesine dayanmaktadır. İkinci olarak, uluslararası inşaat müteahhitliği piyasalarına ağırlıklı olarak XXI. yüzyılda giren yeni devlet-sermaye kurulumlarının ulusötesi regülasyon rejimlerine katılmaması sonucu ulusötesi regülasyonun bütünleşme sürecinin sekteye uğradığı ileri sürülmektedir. Araştırma, ulusötesi ve ulusal regülasyon metinleri, hükümetler arası kuruluşların ve Avrupalı sektör birliklerinin beyan ve raporları ile inşaat, hukuk firmaları yöneticileri ve hükümetler arası kuruluşların uzmanları ile yapılan mülakatların analizine dayanmaktadır.

Regulation of International Construction Contracting Works: Contradictions Between Transnational and National Frameworks

This paper analyzes the regulation of international construction contracting works involving major infrastructure and real estate projects. The focus of the study is the relationship between transnational and national regulation. The basis of the analysis is the notion that different regulatory regimes represent the interests of different segments of capital and that these regimes are shaped by national states trying to meet the multiple demands. In this way, regulatory regimes are viewed as an area where contradictions between segments of capital are negotiated. First, it is argued that the national state and capital segments negotiate transnational regulation both on a national and transnational scale. This argument is based on the examination of the World Trade Organization’s Revised Agreement on Government Procurement, the World Bank’s New Procurement Framework, the contract forms of the International Federation of Consulting Engineers, and the Public Procurement Law of Turkey. Secondly, it is argued that the integration process of transnational regulation was interrupted as a result of the reluctance of the new state-capital configurations introduced in the twenty-first century to join the transnational regulation regimes. The research is based on analysis of transnational and national regulatory texts, statements and reports from intergovernmental organizations and European industry associations, and interviews with executives of construction, law firms and experts from intergovernmental organizations.

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