Muammer YALÇIN, Fazilet N. ALAYUNT, Bülent ÇAKMAK

Sofralık zeytinde farklı mekanik hasat sistemlerinin değerlendirilmesi (Olea europaea cv. Gemlik)

Denemeler, Gemlik çeşidi zeytin bahçelerinde farklı zeytin hasat yöntemleri; elle toplama dal sarsıcı ve gövde sarsıcının farklı frekanslarındaki hasat performanslarının belirlenmesi amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Gövde sarsıcı sekiz farklı frekansta çalıştırılmıştır. Denemelerin birinci ve ikinci yılında optimum hasat zamanında, meyve hacmi, meyve kopma kuvveti, meyve ağırlığı, meyve kopma kuvvetinin meyve ağırlığına oranı sırasıyla 3.9-4.0 cm3, 3.27-3.99 N, 4.23-4.28 g, 0.77-0.94 N g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Genel performans kriterleri incelendiğinde, en olumlu sonuçlar gövde sarsıcının 22 Hz. Frekans değerinde alınmıştır. İki yıllık çalışmalar sonucunda, meyve hasarı, ağaç hasar seviyeleri, hasat etkinliği, ağaç başına hasat süresi iş başarısı 2012 ve 2013 yılları için sırasıyla, %1.5’den az, %2.86-%7.24, %93.93-%92.92, 2.51-2.81 min ağaç-1 ve 286.22-355.72 kg işçi-1 saat-1 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gövde sarsıcı, Titreşim, Makinalı zeytin hasadı, Hasat performansı

Evaluation of different mechanical harvesting systems of table olive (Olea europaea cv. Gemlik)

The experiments were conducted in Gemlik olive variety (Olea europaea cv. Gemlik)’s orchard to determinate the harvesting performance of different harvesting methods namely hand, branch shaker and trunk shaker at different frequencies and compare the harvesting methods. Trunk shaker with eight different frequencies were operated. In the first and second year of the experiments at the optimum harvest time, fruit volume, fruit detachment force, fruit weight, the ratio of fruit detachment force to fruit weight were found to be 3.9-4.0 cm3, 3.27-3.99 N, 4.23-4.28 g, 0.77-0.94 N g-1 respectively. Best results were obtained by using the trunk shaker with low frequencies as trunk shaker machine (TSM) 22 Hz. Fruit damage, tree damage levels, harvesting efficiency, duration of operation per tree and work productivity of trunk shaker with 22 Hz were found as less than 1.5%, 2.86%-7.24%, 93.93%-92.92%, 2.51-2.81 min tree-1 and 286.22-355.72 kg worker-1 h-1 respectively in two-years (2012 and 2013) trials.

Keywords:

Trunk shaker, Vibration, Olive harvesting with machine, Harvest performance,

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