Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi doğal Bombus terrestris dalmatinus arılarının koloni özelliklerinin ticari koloniler ile karşılaştırılması

Doğal ve ticari populasyon ana arıları arasında yumurtlama ve koloni oluşturma başarısı bakımından farklılıklar önemli bulunmamıştır. Doğadan toplanan ana arılar ticari populasyon ana arılarına göre daha erken yumurtlamaya başlamış ve birinci kuluçka döneminde daha az yumurta hücresi ve işçi arı üretmişlerdir. Ticari ana arılar tarafından oluşturulan koloniler (82.11 ± 9.32 adet) doğal populasyon ana arıları tarafından oluşturulan kolonilere göre (32.85 ± 3.97 adet) daha fazla sayıda genç ana arı üretmişlerdir. Doğal ve ticari koloniler arasında erkek ve genç ana arı üretimi stratejisi bakımından farklılık belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada diyapoz dönemini doğal koşullarda geçiren 100 adet (‘doğal’ populasyon) ve laboratuvar koşullarında geçiren 100 adet (‘ticari’ populasyon) olmak üzere toplam 200 adet ana arı kullanılmış ve bu ana arıların koloni oluşturması sağlanmıştır. kolonileri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. B. terrestrisBu çalışma ticari bombus arısı kolonilerin kullanılmadığı Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Bombus terrestris dalmatinus arılarının koloni gelişim özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu doğal populasyon koloni gelişim özellikleri bakımından ticari

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bombus arısı, Bombus terrestris, Ticarileşme, Doğal populasyon

Colony traits of native Bombus terrestris dalmatinus from the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey: comparison with commercial colonies

The present experiment was conducted to determine the developmental characters of the native bumblebee Bombus terrestris dalmatinus that occurs in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey, where commercial colonies have not been used as pollination agents. The colony traits of this native population were compared with the traits of commercial colonies of B. terrestris. A total of 200 queens, 100 naturally diapaused (‘native’ population) and 100 artificially diapaused (‘commercial’ population), were allowed to found colonies. There were no differences in egg laying and colony founding success between the native and commercial queens. Queens collected from the field commenced egg-laying earlier than commercial queens, and produced less egg cells and workers in the first brood. Colonies founded by commercial queens produced more gynes (82.11 ± 9.32) than colonies founded by native queens (32.85 ± 3.97). Native and commercial colonies also differed in their patterns of production of males and gynes.

Keywords:

Bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, Commercialization, Wild population,

PDF

___

Alaux C, Jaisson P, Hefetz A (2005) Reproductive decision-making in semelparous colonies of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 59: 270–277.
Alford DV (1975) Bumblebees. Davis-Poynter, London. Allen-Wardell G, Bernhardt P, Bitner F, Burquez A, Buchmann S, Cane J, Cox PA, Dalton V, Feinsinger P, Ingram M, Inouye D, Jones EC, Kennedy K, Kevan P, Koopowitz H, Medellin R, Medellin SM, Nabhan GP (1998) The potential consequences of pollinator declines on the conservation of biodiversity and stability of food crop yields. Conservation Biology 12: 8–17.
Bloch G, Hefetz A (1999) Regulation of reproduction by dominant workers in bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) queenright colonies. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 45: 125–135.
Bourke AFG (1997) Sex ratios in bumble bees. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 352: 1921–1933.
Chittka L, Ings TC, Raine NE (2004) Chance and adaptation in the evolution of island bumblebee behaviour. Population Ecology 46: 243–251.
Dasgan HY, Ozdogan AO, Kaftanoglu O, Abak K (2004) Effectiveness of bumblebee pollination in anti-frost heated tomato greenhouses in the Mediterranean basin. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 28: 73–82.
Duchateau MJ, Velthuis HHW (1988) Development and reproductive strategies in Bombus terrestris colonies. Behaviour 107: 186–207.
Duchateau MJ, Velthuis HHW, Boomsma JJ (2004) Sex ratio variation in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. Behavioral Ecology 15: 71–82.
Estoup A, Soliqnac M, Cornuet JM, Goudet J, Scholl A (1996) Genetic differentiation of continental and island populations of Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Europe. Molecular Ecology 5: 19–31.
Goka K, Okabe K, Yoneda M, Niwa S (2001) Bumblebee commercialization will cause worldwide migration of parasitic mites. Molecular Ecology 10: 2095–2099.
Gosterit A, Gurel F (2005) Comparison of development patterns of imported and native Bombus terrestris L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in Mediterranean coastal region. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science 29: 393–398.
Gosterit A (2011) Effect of different reproductive strategies on colony development characteristics in Bombus terrestris L. Journal of Apicultural Science 55: 45–51.
Goulson D (2003) Effects of introduced bees on native ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34: 1–26.
Gurel F, Gosterit A (2008) Effects of different stimulation methods on colony initiation and development of Bombus terrestris L. (Hymenoptera; Apidae) queens. Applied Entomology and Zoology 43: 113–117.
Gurel F, Gosterit A, Eren Ö (2008) Life-cycle and foraging patterns of native Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Mediterranean region. Insectes Sociaux 55: 123–128.
Gurel F, Gosterit A (2009) The suitability of native Bombus terrestris dalmatinus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) queen for mass rearing. Journal of Apicultural Science 53: 67–73.
Hartfelder K, Cnaai J, Hefetz A (2000) Caste-specific differences in ecdysteroid titers in early larval stages of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. Journal of Insect Physiology 46: 1433–1439.
Hingston AB, McQuillan PB (1998) Does the recently introduced bumblebee Bombus terrestris (Apidae) threaten Australian ecosystems? Australian Journal of Ecology 23: 539–549.
Ings TC, Raine NE, Chittka L (2005) Mating preference in the commercially imported bumblebee species Bombus terrestris in Britain (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Entomologia Generalis 28: 233–238.
Inoue MN, Yokoyama J, Washitani I (2008) Displacement of Japanese native bumblebees by the recently introduced Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Journal of Insect Conservation 12: 135–146.
Kanbe Y, Okada I, Yoneda M, Goka K, Tsuchida K (2008) Interspecific mating of the introduced bumblebee Bombus terrestris and the native Japanese bumblebee Bombus hypocrita sapporoensis results in inviable hybrids. Naturwissenschaften 95: 1003–1008.
Kenta T, Inari N, Nagamitsu T, Goka K, Hiura T (2007) Commercialized European bumblebee can cause pollination disturbance: an experiment on seven native plant species in Japan. Biological Conservation 134: 298–309.
Lopez-Vaamonde C, Raine NE, Koning JW, Brown RM, Pereboom JJM, Ings TC, Ramos-Rodriguez O, Jordan WC, Bourke AFG (2009) Lifetime reproductive success and longevity of queens in annual social insect. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22: 983–996.
Nagamitsu T, Yamagishi H, Kenta T, Inari N, Kato E (2010) Competitive effects of the exotic Bombus terrestris on native bumble bees revealed by a field removal experiment. Population Ecology 52: 123–136.
Ozbek H (1997) Bumblebees fauna of Turkey with distribution maps (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombinae) Part 1: Alpigenobombus Skorikov, Bombias Robertson and Bombus latreille. Turkish Journal of Entomology 21: 37–56.
Rasmont P, Regali A, Ings TC, Lognay G, Baudart E, Marlier M, Delcarte E, Viville P, Marot C, Falmagne P, Verhaeghe JC, Chittka L (2005) Analysis of pollen and nectar of Arbutus unedo as a food source for Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera:Apidae). Journal of Economical Entomology 98: 656–663.
Rasmont P, Coppee A, Michez D, de Meulemeester T (2008) An overview of the Bombus terrestris (L.1758) subspecies (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Annales De La Societe Entomologique De France 44: 243–250.
Schmid-Hempel P, Schmid-Hempel R, Brunner PC, Seeman OD, Allen GR (2007) Invasion success of the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, despite a drastic genetic bottleneck. Heredity 99: 414–422.
Velthuis HHW, van Doorn A (2006) A century of advances in bumblebee domestication and the economic and environmental aspects of its commercialization for pollination. Apidologie 37: 421–451.
Williams PH (1998) An annotated checklist of bumblebees with an analysis of patterns of description. Bulletin of Natural History Museum, Entomology Series 67: 79–152.
Yeninar H, Duchateau MJ, Kaftanoglu O, Velthuis HHW (2000) Colony developmental patterns in different local populations of the Turkish bumblebee, Bombus terrestris dalmatinus. Journal of Apicultural Research 39: 107–116.
Yoon HJ, Park IG, Lee KY, Kim MA, Jin BR (2011) Interspecific hybridization of the Korean native bumblebee Bombus hypocrita sapporoensia and the European bumblebee B. terrestris. International Journal of Industrial Entomology 23: 167–174.