Hibrit domates genotipleri yüksek verim ve kaliteye ulaşmak için yeterli midir?

Genetik kapasite ve üretim uygulamaları bitkilerin verim ve meyve kalite kriterlerini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı hibrit domates çeşitlerinin ve üreticilerin verim ve kalite kriterleri üzerine etkileri belirlemektir. Bitki materyali olarak 5 ticari hibrit domates çeşidi kullanılmıştır (Yeliz, Lamia, 7806, Asil ve Mira). Bitkiler Antalya, Türkiye’ de 12 farklı üretici serasında 2013-2014’de güzlük üretim sezonunda (ağustos-mart) yetiştirilmiştir. Hem çeşit hem de üretici etkisi önemli bulunuştur (p<0.05). Üretici faktörünün incelenen tüm kriterlerdeki, maksimum farklar ortalaması çeşit faktörünün yaklaşık 2 katı olarak (% 14.1 ve % 28.2) gerçekleşmiştir. Üreticiler arasında bazı hibrit çeşitler düşük varyasyon ile yüksek adaptasyon göstermiştir. Çeşitlerin verimini en üst düzeye çıkarmak için, tohum şirketleri üreticilere hibrit domateslerin çok özel gereksinimleri konusunda tavsiyeler vermelidir. Aksi durumda, üreticiler çeşidin performansından memnun olmayarak ve yeni bir çeşit için çeşitlerini değiştirme eğilimindedirler. Islah ve pazarlama şirketleri, domates ürünlerinin verim ve kalite kayıplarını en aza indirgemek için üreticileri eğitmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Domates, Performans, Üretici, Sera, Çevresel varyasyon

Are genotypes of hybrid tomato adequate to getting high yield and quality?

Genetic capacity and production practices determine yield and quality of crops. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of hybrid tomato cultivars and producers on the yield and quality. The plant materials included five commercial tomato hybrids (Yeliz, Lamia, 7806, Asil and Mira). The plants were grown in 12 different greenhouses, managed by individual farmers, in Antalya, Turkey, in the fall growing season of 2013-2014 (August to March). Both the cultivar and producer effects were significant (p<0.05). Of all the fruit yield and quality measurements, the maximum mean differences due to producers were twice as much to that of cultivars (28.2% and 14.1%). Some of the hybrids showed higher adaptations as represented by lower variation among producers. In order to maximize the yield of a given cultivar, seed companies need to advise producers on the specific requirements of the hybrid. Otherwise, producers are not satisfied with the cultivar's performance and tend to change to a new cultivar. Breeding and marketing companies should train producers to minimize yield and quality losses in tomato as well.

Keywords:

Tomato, Performance, Producer, Greenhouse, Environmental variation,

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