Pre-Hypertension and hypertension among primary-secondary school teachers in Çorum: results from a Turkish cross-sectional study

Hypertension is epidemic in worldwide nonetheless, approximately five million men and six million women are hypertensive in Turkish society. This study was aimed to determine hypertension prevalence and related factors in primary-secondary school teachers. This cross-sectional study was conducted among teachers working in pimary-secondary levels of public schools in Çorum province. The study was completed by 500 teachers. A 50-item questionnaire form was generated to question socio-demographic and occupational characteristics, health-illness status, behavioral health factors and measurements of blood pressure levels of and Body Mass Index. The prevalence of hypertension was 21.4% among teachers. Blood pressure was normal in the 53.4% and was prehypertension level in 38.6% of participants. In hypertensives, blood pressure levels were significantly higher. According to various features such as age groups, gender, occupations of partners, years of seniority and Body mass index, blood pressure levels showed significant differences. The risk of hypertension was 2 fold higher between the age of 35-49 and 4.5 - fold higher between the age of 50-64 than the 25-34 age groups. The risk of hypertension was 3.5 fold higher in men than in women. One of every five teachers were found to be hypertensive. This result was important to remember that teachers wer e a specific group of physical health problems. Ensuring appropriate primary care systems and public health services for teachers should be a priority for lifestyle changes and early medical invention in school environment

PDF

___

1. Chockalingam A, Campbell NR, Fodor JG. Worldwide epidemic of hypertension. Can J Cardiol. 2006; 22(7):553-5.

2. A global brief on Hypertension: Silent killer, global public health crisis. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013;7-19.

3. Cheung BMY, Cheung TT. Nice new hypertension guidelines. World J Hypertens. 2012;23;2(5):45-9.

4. Raised Blood Pressure. Global Health Observatory. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013. http://www.who.int/gho/ncd/ris access date 15.05.2013

5. High Blood Pressure: American Heart Association 2013. http://heart.org/idc/groups/heartpublic/@wcm/@sop/@ smd/documents/downloadable/ucm_ 319587. pdf access date 05.05.2013

6. Onat A: Türk toplumunda kan basıncı ve hipertansiyon, 2009. http://tekharf.org/2009.html access date 05.11.2012

7. Kovess-Masféty V, Sevilla-Dedieu C, Rios-Seidel C, Nerrière E, Chee CC. Do teachers have more health problems? Results from a French crosssectional survey. BMC Public Health. 2006;6(101):1-13.

8. Seibt R, Lützkendorf L, Thinschmidt M. Risk factors and resources of work ability in teachers and office workers. Int Cong Ser. 2005;1280:310-5.

9. JNC-7 Express: The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services;2003;2-3.

10. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: report of a joint WHO/FAO expert consultation. WHO technical report series 916. WHO Library Cataloguingin-Publication Data. 2003;13-81.

11. Chiong JR. Controlling hypertension from a public health perspective. Int J Cardiol. 2008;127 (2):151-6.

12.Fasce E, Campos I, Ibáñez P, Flores M, Zárate H, Román O, Fasce F. Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in urban communities in Chile. J Hypertens. 2007;25 (9):1807- 11.

13. Onysko J, Maxwell C, Eliasziw M, Zhang JX, Johansen H, Campbell NR. Canadian Hypertension Education Program. Large increases in hypertension diagnosis and treatment in Canada after a healthcare professional education program. Hypertension. 2006;48: 853-60.

14. Turkish Hypertension Prevalance Study -2 (PatenT2). Turkish Hypertension and Kidney Disease Society 2012. http://www.turkhipertansiyon.o... PatenT2.ppt access date 13.05.2013.

15. Tokuc B, Berberoglu U. Health promoting lifestyles among primary school teachers working in Edirne. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2007;6 (6):421-6.

16. Balci E, Gun I. Evaluation of teacher satisfaction on delivery of health care who working in Kayseri. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2011;33(2):129-40.

17. Erdem Y, Arici M, Altun B, Turgan C, Sindel S, Erbay B, Derici U, Karatan O, Hasanoglu E, Caglar S. The relationship between hypertension and salt intake in Turkish population: SALTURK study. Blood Press. 2010;19(5):313-8.

18. Unal B, Ergor G, Horasan G, Kalaca S, Sozmen K. Turkey Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Prevalance Study. T.C. Ministry of Health, Turkey Public Health Institution. http://sbu.saglik.gov.tr/Ekutu... khrfat.pdf, access date 20.02.2014

19. Ali HA, Al-Asadi JN. Prevalence and lifestyle determinants of hypertension among secondary school female teachers in Basrah. The Medical Journal of Basrah University. 2009;27(2):90-4.

20. Ibrahim NKR, Hijazi NA, Al-Bar AA. Prevalence and determinants of prehypertension and hypertension among preparatory and secondary school teachers in Jeddah. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2008;83(3):183- 203.

21. Altun B, Arıcı M, Nergizoğlu G, Derici U, Karatan O, Turgan C, Sindel S, Erbay B, Hasanoğlu E, Cağlar S, Turkish Society of Hypertension and Renal Diseases. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Turkey (the PatenT study) in 2003. J Hypertens. 2005;23(10):1817-23.

22.Sudore RL, Yaffe K, Satterfield S, Harris TB, Mehta KM, Simonsick EM, Newman AB, Rosano C, Rooks R, Rubin SM, Ayonayon HN, Schillinger D. Limited literacy and mortality in the elderly: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. J Gen Intern Med. 2006;21(8):806-12.

23. Dündar PE, Dede B. Health literacy and affected factors in selected adults living urban and rural regions in Manisa. XV. National Public Health Congress Proceeding Book, s 296-299, 2-6 Ekim 2012, Uludağ University, Bursa.

24.Pinto E. Blood pressure and ageing. Postgrad Med J. 2007;83(976):109-14.

25. Doğan N, Toprak D, Demir S. Hypertension prevalence and risk factors among adult population in Afyonkarahisar region: a cross-sectional research. Anatol J Cardiol. 2012;12(1):47-52.

26. Erem C, Hacihasanoglu A, Kocak M, Deger O, Topbas M. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension and associated risk factors among Turkish adults: Trabzon Hypertension Study. J Public Health. 2008;31(1):47-58.

27. Ozturk A, Aykut M, Günay O, Gun İ, Ozdemir M, Çıtıl R, Ozturk Y. Prevalence and factors affecting of hypertension in adults aged 30 years and over in Kayseri Province. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2011;33(3):219-28.

28. Oliveira GF, Oliveira TRR, Ikejiri AT, Andraus MP, Galvao TF, Silva MT, Pereira MG. Prevalance of hypertension and associated factors in an indigeneous community of central Brazil: A population-based study. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):1-6.

29. Hypertension control: Report of a WHO Expert Commmittee. WHO Technical Report Series 862. World Health Organization, 1996.

30. Güneş G, Pehlivan E. Malatya Yeşilyurt Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesinde 40 Yaş ve Üzeri Nüfusda Hipertansiyon Prevalansı ve Bazı Risk Faktörlerinin Saptanması. Klinik Bilimler ve Doktor Dergisi. 1998;4(3):375-9.

31. Açık Y, Sezer E, Sezer H. Frequency and distribution of risk factors for coronary heart disease in the adult population of rural district of Elazığ, Turkey. Turk J Med Sci. 1999;29(3):265-72.

32. Rogers RG, Everett BG, Saint-Onge JM, Krueger PM. Social, behavioral, and biological factors, and sex differences in mortality. Demography. 2010;47(3):555- 78.

33. Mancia G, Grassi G. Definition and Classification of Blood Pressure, Kozan O (Edt), First. Press. Istanbul: European Medical Bookselling 2009;15-22.

34. Mansia G, Grassi G, Kjeldsen SE. Manual of Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension. Informa UK Ltd, London 2008;24-281.

35. Çöl M, Özdemir O, Ocaktan ME. Treatment-control situations and behavioral factors on hypertensives over

35 years of age at Park Health Center region. Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine. 2006;59(4):144-50.

36.Sanne S, Muntner P, Kawasaki L, Hyre A, DeSalvo KB. Hypertension knowledge among patients from an urban clinic. Ethn Dis. 2008;18(1):42-7.

37. Viera AJ, Cohen LW, Mitchell MC, Sloane PD. High blood pressure knowledge among primary care patients with known hypertension: A North Carolina Family Medicine Research Network (NC-FM-RN) Study. J Am Board Fam Med. 2008;21(4):300-8