Soner COBAN, M. Sakir ALTUNER, SONER CANDER, Ali Rıza TÜRKOĞLU, Muhammet GUZELSOY, ÖZEN ÖZ GÜL, Ali TEKİN

Investigation the Relationship of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms with Vascular Risk Factors

Our aim was to investigate the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in terms of vascular risk factors include diabetes. In a prospective study, a total of 116 men aged 40 years or more who presented to the outpatient clinics of urology or endocrinology between January 2012 and April 2013 were included. After receiving a detailed medical history, fasting blood glucose, serum lipids including total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride, HbA1c, creatinine, total testosterone and total prostate-specific antigen were measured. Urinalysis and uroflowmetry were done. Postvoiding residual urine and prostate volume were measured by suprapubic ultrasonography. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of the patients were determined. Existence of vascular risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and obesity as well as age, body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference and body fat percentage values were recorded. Of the patients, 41 (35.3%) had hypertension, 54 (46.6%) dyslipidemia, 68 (58.6%) diabetes mellitus, 34 (29.3%) coronary artery disease and 39 (33.6%) obesity. When the patients were grouped according to the presence of the risk factors (no risk [14 patients], mild to moderate [1-2 risk factor] [65 patients] and severe [3 or more risk factors] [37 patients]), there was no a significant difference among the groups in terms of IPSS (p = 0.76). The results of this prospective study show that vascular risk factors and diabetes may not be related to LUTS.

PDF

___

1. Garraway WM, Collins CJ, Lee RJ. High prevalence of benign prostatic hypertrophy in the community. Lancet. 1991;338(8765):469-71.

2. Chapple CR. The total approach in the lower urinary tract symptoms. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS-BPH) management: Introduction and conclusion. Eur Urol (Suppl). 2003;2(7):1-5.

3. Oelke M, Alivizitos G, Emberton M, Gravas S, Madersbacher S, Michel M, Nording J, Rioja Sanz C, de la Rosette J. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: EAU Guidelines, pocket edition 3. Arnhem, EAU, 2005;4-11.

4. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, van Kerrebroeck P, Victor A, Wein A; Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn. 2002;21(2):167-78.

5. Blanker MH1, Groeneveld FP, Prins A, Bernsen RM, Bohnen AM, Bosch JL. Strong effects of definition and nonresponse bias on prevalence rates of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia: the Krimpen study of male urogenital tract problems and general health status. BJU Int. 2000;85(6):665-71.

6. Azadzoi KM. Effect of chronic ischemia on bladder structure and function. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2003;539(Pt A):271-80.

7. Shenfeld OZ, Meir KS, Yutkin V, Gofrit ON, Landau EH, Pode D. Do atherosclerosis and chronic bladder ischemia really play a role in detrusor dysfunction of old age? Urology. 2005;65(1):181-4.

8. Seim A, Hoyo C, Ostbye T, Vatten L. The prevalence and correlates of urinary tract symptoms in Norwegian men: the HUNT Study. BJU Int. 2005;96(1):88-92.

9. Rohrmann S, Crespo CJ, Weber JR, Smit E, Giovannucci E, Platz EA. Association of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity with lower urinary tract symptoms in older American men: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. BJU Int. 2005;96(1):77-82.

10. Ponholzer A, Temml C, Wehrberger C, Marszalek M, Madersbacher S. The association between vascular risk factors and lower urinary tract symptoms in both sexes. Eur Urol. 2006;50(3):581-6.

11. Michel MC, Mehlburger L, Schumacher H, Bressel HU, Goepel M. Effect of diabetes on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2000;163(6):1725-9.

12. Demir O, Akgul K, Akar Z, Cakmak O, Ozdemir I, Bolukbasi A, Can E, Gumus BH. Association between severity of lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. Aging Male. 2009;12(1):29-34.

13. Aktas BK, Gokkaya CS, Bulut S, Dinek M, Ozden C, Memis A. Impact of metabolic syndrome on erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients Aging Male. 2011;14(1): 48-52.

14. Boyle P. Epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia: risk factors and concomitance with hypertension. Br J Clin Pract Suppl. 1994;74:18-22.

15. Oishi K, Boyle P, Barry JM. Epidemiology and natural history of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Denis L, Griffiths K, Khoury S, eds, Fourth International Consultation on BPH, Paris, July 1997. Plymouth: Health Publications. 1998;25-59.

16. Kim S, Jeong JY, Choi YJ, Kim DH, Lee WK, Lee SH, Lee SK. Association between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Vascular Risk Factors in Aging Men: The Hallym Aging Study. Korean J Urol. 2010;51(7):477-82.