Determination of Chlorpyrifos Residues in Cherry Samples by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

A method based on a direct immersion solid phase microextraction gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (DI-SPME-GC-MS) was developed for the quantitative determination of chlorpyrifos (CRF) residues in cherry samples. The performance of three kinds of commercial fiber coatings: PA (polyacrylate, 85µm), PDMS–DVB (polydimethylsiloxane–divinylbenzene 65 mm) and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane, 100 mm) were compared. Various parameters affecting SPME procedures such as temperature, extraction and desorption times, salinity, stirring rate were investigated. The analytes from all sample extracts were preconcentrated for 30 minutes in the SPME fiber at 60 °C and then the fiber was desorbed by heating at 250 °C for 10 minutes in the gas chromatography injection port. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) values were 0.03 µg/L and 0.1 µg/L, respectively. An average recovery range was 93-98% with relative standard deviation (RSD) < 10 %.

Direkt Daldırma Katı Faz Mikroekstraksiyon Yöntemi İle Kiraz Örneklerinde Klorpirifos Kalıntılarının Gaz Kromatografisi Kütle Spektrometresinde Tayini

Direkt daldırma katı fazlı mikroekstraksiyon ile kiraz örneklerinde klorpirifos kalıntılarının gaz kromatografisinde tayini (DI-SPMEGC-MS) için bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Üç çeşit ticari fiber kaplamanın, PA (poliakrilat, 85 um), PDMS-DVB (polidimetilsiloksan-divinilbenzen 65 mm) ve PDMS (polidimetilsiloksan, 100 mm), performansı karşılaştırıldı. Katı Fazlı Mikroekstraksiyon prosedürlerini etkileyen sıcaklık, ekstraksiyon ve desorpsiyon süreleri, tuzluluk, karıştırma oranı gibi çeşitli parametreler incelendi. Tüm numune ekstraktlarından alınan analitler, 30 dakika boyunca 60 ° C’ de SPME fiberine adsorbe edilmiş ve daha sonra fiber, gaz kromatografi enjeksiyon portunda 10 dakika boyunca 250 ° C’de ısıtılarak desorpsiyon sağlanmıştır. Yöntemin tespit sınırı (LOD) ve tayin sınırı (LOQ) değerleri sırasıyla 0,03 µg / L ve 0,1 µg / L dir. Yöntemin ortalama geri kazanım aralığı % 93-98 iken bağıl standart sapma (RSD)

___

Buchel, K. H., (1983). Chemistry of Pesticides, Hardcover, 42-70.

Gündüz, Z. Y., (2013). Determination of pesticides in gas chromatography with solid phase microextraction method. PhD thesis, Marmara University FBE, Istanbul, Turkey, 15-30.

Zhang, L., Liu, S., Cui, X., Pan, C., Zhang, A. & Chen, F., (2012). A review of sample preparation methods for the pesticide residue analysis in foods. Central European Journal of Chemistry, 10(3), 900-925.

Bakırcı, G. T., & Hışıl, Y., (2011). Fast and simple extraction of pesticide residues in selected fruits and vegetables using tetrafluoroethane and toluene followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chemistry, 135, 1901-1913.

Bulut, S., Akkaya, L., Gök, V., & Konuk, M., (2010). Organochlorine pesticide residues in butter and kaymak in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9, 2797-2801.

Korba, K., Pelit, L., Pelit, F. O., Özdokur, K. V., Ertaş, H., Eroğlu, A. E., & Ertaş, N., (2013). Preparation and Characterization of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Doped Polypyrrole Solid Phase Micro Extraction Fiber and its Application to Endocrine Disruptor Pesticide Analysis. Journal of Chromatography B, 929, 90– 96.

Pelit, F. O., Ertaş, H., Seyrani, I., & Ertaş, F. N., (2013). Method for the Determination of Common Endocrine Disruptor Pesticides in Wine Samples with an Estimation of the Uncertainty of the Analytical Results. Food Chemistry, 138, 54-61.

Pelit, F. O., Pelit, L., Ertaş, H., & Ertaş, F. N., (2013). Development of a Gas Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Chlorpyrifos and its Metabolite Chlorpyrifos-Oxon in Wine Matrix. Journal of Chromatography B, 904, 35-41.

Bakırcı, G. T., Yaman, A. D. B., Bakırcı F., & Ötleş, S. (2014). Pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables from the aegean region. Turkey, Food Chemistry, 160, 379-392.

Ho, Y. M., Tsoi Y. K., & Sze-Yin, K. L., (2013). Highly sensitive and selective organophosphate screening in twelve commodities of fruits, vegetables and herbal medicines by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. Analytical Chimica Acta, 58(775), 58-66.

Andreu, V., & Pico, Y., (2004). Determination of pesticides and their degradation products in soil: critical review and comparison of methods. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 23 (10), 772-789.

Cardoso, A. S., Feliciano, S. A., & Rebelo, M. H., (2009). Optimization and validation of a SPME-GC-ECD methodology for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in natural spring waters from portugalthe. Journal of Society of Ecological Chemistry and Engineering, 16 (52), 138-153.

Coelho, E., Ferreira, C., & Almeida, M. M. C. J., (2008). Analysis of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons by SPMEGC-FID in Environmental and Tap Waters. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 19, 1084-1097.

Ma, J., Xiao, R., Li, J., Zhao, X., Shi, B., & Li, S., (2009). Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in underground water by SPE-GC-MS. The Journal of Chromatographic Science, 47, 110-115.

Popiel, S., & Sankowska, M., (2011). Determination of chemical warfare agents and related compounds in environmental samples by solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography. Journal of chromatography A, (1218), 8457-8479.

Pawliszyn, J., (1999). Applications of solid phase microextraction. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, 57- 70.