Effects of DME Addition to Biodiesel on Combustion, Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine at Idle and Medium Loads

The effects of using dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion, performance and emission parameters of biodiesel in a diesel engine operating at idle and medium loads that was used to drive an electrical power generator were experimentally investigated. Biodiesel was produced from safflower oil. 75% of the biodiesel was blended with 25% of DME, volumetrically, which was called here as B75DME25. Pure biodiesel (B100), B75DME25 and ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (D2) was used as test fuels. Experiments were carried out at constant loads of 60% and idle conditions. Cylinder pressure, heat release rate (HRR), cylinder pressure rise rate(CPRR) and mean gas temperature(MGT) variations of test fuels at both idle and 60% load conditions were presented here. It was found that peak values of derived pressure for all test fuel are similar while the positions of peak pressure were changed and was found earliest for D2. Similar trends were also observed for HRR, CPRR and MGT parameters. CO, HC, NOx and CO2 emission were found and compared for test fuels at both idle and medium loads. In the performance tests, brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc), mass fuel consumption and thermal efficiency values were tested and compared for test fuels.

PDF

___

Park SH, Lee CS., 2013. Combustion performance and emission reduction characteristics of automotive DME engine system. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 39, 147-68.

Park, S.H., Kim, H.J., Lee, C.S., 2011. Study on the dimethyl ether spray characteristics according to the diesel blending ratio and the variations in the ambient pressure, energizing duration, and fuel temperature. Energy and Fuel, 25, 1772-1780.

Sezer, I., 2011. Thermodynamic, performance and emission investigation of a diesel engine running on dimethyl ether and diethyl ether. International Journal of Thermal Science, 50 (8), 1594-1603.

Suh, H.K., Yoon, S.H., Lee, C.S., 2010. Effect of multiple injection strategies on the spray atomization and reduction of exhaust emissions in a compression ignition engine fueled with dimethyl ether (DME). Energy and Fuel, 24(2), 1323-1332.

Kim, M.Y., Bang, S.H., Lee, C.S., 2007. Experimental investigation of spray and combustion characteristics of dimethyl ether in a common-rail diesel engine. Energy and Fuel, 21(2), 793- 800

Roh, H.G., Lee, D., Lee, C.S., 2015. Impact of DME-biodiesel, diesel-biodiesel and diesel fuels on the combustion and emission reduction characteristics of a CI engine according to pilot and single injection strategies. Journal of the Energy Institute, 88, 376-385.

Chapman, E.M., Boehman, A., Wain, K., Lloyd, W., Joseph M., 2003. Perez, Stiver, D., Conway, J. Annual Technical Progress Report for Project Entitled "Impact of DME-Diesel Fuel Blend Properties on Diesel Fuel Injection Systems" The Pennsylvania State University, The Energy Institute, University Park, PA 16802.

Youn IM, Park SH, Roh HG, Lee CS. 2011, Investigation on the fuel spray and emission reduction characteristics for dimethyl ether (DME) fuelled multicylinder-diesel engine with common-rail injection system. Fuel Processing Technology, 92,1280-7.

Crookes RJ, Bob-Manuel KDH., 2007. RME or DME: a preferred alternative fuel option for future diesel engine operation. Energy Conversion Management, 48, 2971-7.

Zhang J, Qiao X, Wang Z, Guan B, Huang Z., 2009. Experimental investigation of lowtemperature combustion (LTC) in an engine fueled with dimethyl ether (DME). Energy and Fuel, 23(1),170-4.

Kim HJ, Suh HK, Lee CS, 2008. Numerical and experimental study on the comparison between diesel and dimethyl ether (DME) spray behaviors according to combustion chamber shape. Energy Fuel, 22(4), 2851-60.

Park S, 2012. Optimization of combustion chamber geometry and engine conditioned for compression ignition engines fueled with dimethyl ether, Fuel, 97, 61-71.

Yeom K, Bae C, 2009. Knock characteristics in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) = dimethyl ether (DME) and gasoline-DME homogeneous charge compression ignition engines, Energy & Fuels 23, 1956-1964.

Park S, 2009. Numerical study on optimal operating conditions of homogeneous charge compression ignition engines, Energy & Fuels 23, 2909-2918.

Zhou LB, Wang HW, Jiang DM, 1999. Study of performance and combustion characteristics of a DME fuelled light-duty direct injection diesel engine, SAE Paper.

Fleisch T, McCarthy C, Basu A, 1995. A new clean diesel technology: demonstration of ULEV emissions on a Navistar diesel engine fuelled with dimethyl ether, SAE Technical Paper.

Fleisch, T., McCarthy, C., Basu, A., 1995. A new clean diesel technology: demonstration of ULEV emissions on a Navistar diesel engine fueled with dimethyl ether. SAE Technical Series. 950061.

Sorenson, S.C., Mikkelsen, S.E., 1995. Performance and emissions of a 0.273L Direct Injection diesel engine fueled with neat dimethyl ether. SAE Technical Series. 950064.

Kapus, P., Ofner, H., 1995. Development of fuel injection equipment and combustion system for DI diesels operated o dimethyl ether. SAE Technical Series. 950062.

Nel Corr, 2015, http://www.nel.com.tr/EN,5773/febris---internal-combustion-engine-analysis- testing-sy-.html

Merker, G.P. Schwarz, C. R., Teichmann, Combustion Engines Development Mixture Formation, Combustion, Emissions and Simulation. Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York, (1998); DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-14094-5.

Brunt, M., Platts, K., 1999. Calculation of Heat Release in Direct Injection Diesel Engines, SAE Technical Paper, 01-0187.

Maurya, RK, Agarwal, AK, 2011. Experimental investigation on effect of intake air temperature and air-fuel ratio on cycle-to-cycle variations of HCCI combustion and performance. Applied Energy, 88, 1153-63.