Laboratuvar Hayvanlarında Sindirim Sistemine Yerleşen Bazı Önemli Viral Enfeksiyonlar

Laboratuvar hayvanları (fareler, sıçanlar ve tavşanlar) çeşitli viral, bakteriyel, parazitik ve fungalajanları organizmalarında barındırabilir. Sıklıkla, bu etkenler organizmada hiçbir belirgin hastalık belirtisine neden olmaz ya da subklinik seyreder. Ancak bu durum hayvanların fizyolojisini değiştirebilir ve konağı deneysel kullanım için uygunsuz hale getirebilir. Günümüzde deney hayvanları merkezlerinde bu patojenlerin sayısı ve yaygınlığı önemli ölçüde azalmış olsa da, birçoğu hala laboratuvar hayvanlarında ortaya çıkmaktadır ve araştırmada istenmeyen değişkenlerin (fizyoloji, biyokimya, immun sistem parametreleri vb.) oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Laboratuvar veya diğer bir ifadeyle deney hayvanlarının kullanımı dünyada ve ülkemizde gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Biyolojik, medikal, veteriner hekimliği gibi birçok sağlık alanında deneylerde fare, sıçan, tavşan vb deney hayvanı kullanan araştırmacılar, bu enfeksiyöz ajanların çoğunun araştırma üzerinde sahip olabileceği derin etkilerin farkında olmalıdır. Bu derlemede deney/laboratuvar hayvanlarında görülen ve temel olarak sindirim sistemine yerleşen bazı önemli enterik viral enfeksiyonlar hakkında bilgi verilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Enfeksiyon, fare, laboratuvar hayvanı, rat, tavşan, viral hastalık.

Some Important Viral Infections in the Digestive System of Laboratory Animals

Laboratory animals (mice, rats and rabbits) can harbor a variety of viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal agents in their organisms. Often, these agents cause no obvious signs of disease in the organism or are subclinical. However, this may alter the animals' physiology and render the host unsuitable for experimental use. Although the number and prevalence of these pathogens have decreased significantly in experimental animal centers today, many of them still occur in laboratory animals and cause undesirable variables (physiology, biochemistry, immune system parameters, etc.) in research. The use of laboratory or, in other words, experimental animals is increasing day by day in the world and in our country. Researchers using experimental animals such as mice, rats, rabbits, etc. in many health fields such as biological, medical, veterinary, etc. should be aware of the profound effects that many of these infectious agents can have on research. In this review, information will be given about some important enteric viral diseases that mainly settle in the digestive system, which are seen in experimental/laboratory animals.

Keywords:

Infection, laboratory animal, mouse, rabbit, rat, viral disease.,

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