Okulu Terk Eden Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Okulu Terk Etme Nedenleri ve Sosyo-Ekonomik Profilleri: Şanlıurfa Örneği

Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaöğretimde okul terkine neden olan faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma betimsel tarama modelinde tasarlanmış ve nicel araştırma yöntemiyle veriler elde edilmiştir. Ortaöğretim düzeyinde okulu terk eden 2985 katılımcıdan veriler araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen Ortaöğretim Okul Terki Anketi ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların maddi imkânsızlık, başarısızlık, devamsızlık, açık lisede istenilen bölümün okunması, ailevi engeller, okulu sevmeme, öğretmenlerle ve okul yöneticileriyle sorun yaşama, üniversite sınavına hazırlanma, sağlık sorunları, evlilik, okula örgün devam etmeyi gereksiz bulma, taşınma, bakıma muhtaç ebeveynlere bakma ve disiplin cezası alma gibi nedenlerden dolayı okulu terk ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Okul yöneticileri ve öğretmeler başta olmak üzere tüm uygulayıcı ve karar alıcıların okul terkini öncelikli olarak ele alması, okul terkini azaltıcı müfredat içi ve dışı etkinliklere ilişkin öğrenci, öğretmen ve yönetici programlarının hazırlanarak uygulamaya konulması önerilmiştir.

Factors Contributing to Secondary School Dropouts and the Dropouts’ Socioeconomic Profiles: Şanlıurfa Sample

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that cause students drop out of school in secondary education.This is a descriptive survey study and the quantitative research method was employed. 2985 secondaryschool dropouts participated in the study and the data was collected through “Secondary School Dropout Questionnaire”.According to the findings, participants had to drop out because of financial problems, failure,absenteeism, enrolling to open education, family problems, disliking the school, having problems with teachersand administrators, studying for university entrance exam, health problems, marriage, the idea that attending theschool is unnecessary, migration, having to take care of parents in need, and disciplinary penalties. Based on thefindings, it is suggested that especially school administrators and teachers, all practitioners and decision-makersneed to give priority to school dropout problem. In addition, for student, teacher and administrators, curricularand extracurricular activities and programs to reduce school dropout should be prepared and put into practice.Keywords: School dropout, secondary education, student, socioeconomicÖz

___

  • AÇEV (2006). Türkiye’de ilköğretim okullarında okulu terk ve izlenmesi ile önlenmesine yönelik politikalar (Haz: F. Gökşen, Z. Cemalcılar & F. Gülselel). İstanbul: AÇEV Yayını.
  • Alexander, K. L., Entwisle, D. R., & Horsey, C. S. (1997). From first grade forward: Early foundations of high school dropout. Sociology of education, 87-107.
  • Alkan, E. Ö. (2014). Parçalanmış Aile Modelindeki Öğrencilerin Eğitimdeki Başarı Durumları (Trabzon Örneği). İnönü Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Malatya.
  • Allensworth, E. M., & Easton, J. Q. (2007). What Matters for Staying On-Track and Graduating in Chicago Public High Schools: A Close Look at Course Grades, Failures, and Attendance in the Freshman Year. Research Report. Consortium on Chicago School Research.
  • Alliance for Excellent Education (2011). The high cost of high school dropouts: What the nation pays for inadequate high schools. Retrieved from https://all4ed.org/wpcontent/uploads/2013/06/HighCost.pdf
  • American Psychological Association. (2012). Facing the school dropout dilemma. Washington, DC: Author. http://www.apa.org/pi/families/resources/school-dropout-prevention.pdf Erişim tarihi: 24 Aralık 2017.
  • Andrei, T., Profiroiu, A., Profiroiu, M., & Iacob, A. I. (2011). School dropout in Romania at the level of disadvantaged groups. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28, 337-341.
  • Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Morizot, J., & Pagani, L. (2009). Adolescent behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement in school: Relationship to dropout. Journal of school Health, 79(9), 408-415.
  • Battin-Pearson, S., Newcomb, M. D., Abbott, R. D., Hill, K. G., Catalano, R. F., & Hawkins, J. D. (2000). Predictors of early high school dropout: A test of five theories. Journal of educational psychology, 92(3), 568.
  • Belfield, C. R., & Levin, H. M. (Eds.). (2007). The price we pay: Economic and social consequences of inadequate education. Brookings Institution Press.
  • Bowers, A. J., Sprott, R., & Taff, S. A. (2012). Do we know who will drop out? A review of the predictors of dropping out of high school: Precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The High School Journal, 77-100.
  • Bryk, A. S., & Thum, Y. M. (1989). The effects of high school organization on dropping out: An exploratory investigation. American Educational research journal, 26(3), 353- 383.
  • Cabus, S. J., & De Witte, K. (2015). Does unauthorized school absenteeism accelerates the dropout decision?–Evidence from a Bayesian duration model. Applied Economics Letters, 22(4), 266-271.
  • Del Greco, L., Walop, W., & McCarthy, R. H. (1987). Questionnaire development: 2. Validity and reliability. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 136(7), 699.
  • Ekstrom, R. B. (1986). Who drops out of high school and why? Findings from a national study. Teachers College Record, 87(3), 356-73.
  • Elliott, D. S., & Voss, H. L. (1974). Delinquency and dropout.
  • EUROSTAT: Statistics Explained. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index. php/Glossary:Early_leaver_from_education_and_training Erişim Tarihi: 10.02.2018
  • Finn, J. D. (1989). Withdrawing from school. Review of Educational Research, 59, 117-142.
  • Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of educational research, 74(1), 59-109.
  • Gaustad, J. (1991). Identifying Potential Dropouts. ERIC Digest.
  • Hess Jr, G. A., & Greer, J. L. (1987). Bending the Twig: The Elementary Years and Dropout Rates in the Chicago Public Schools. A Study of the Elementary School Effects on Dropout Rates for the Class of 1982 with Comparisons with Students Leaving Elementary Schools in 1986 (Class of 1990).
  • Hupfeld, K. (2007). Resiliency skills and dropout prevention: A review of the literature. Denver: ScholarCentric.
  • Jacob, B. A. (2001). Getting tough? The impact of high school graduation exams. Educational evaluation and policy analysis, 23(2), 99-121.
  • Jimerson, S. R., Ferguson, P., Whipple, A. D., Anderson, G. E., & Dalton, M. J. (2002). Exploring the association between grade retention and dropout: A longitudinal study examining socio-emotional, behavioral, and achievement characteristics of retained students. The California School Psychologist, 7(1), 51-62.
  • Jordan, W. J., Lara, J., & McPartland, J. M. (1996). Exploring the causes of early dropout among race-ethnic and gender groups. Youth & Society, 28(1), 62-94.
  • Karasar, N. (2007). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları
  • Kronick, R. F. (1994). The imperative of dealing with dropouts: theory, practice and reform. Education, 114 (4), 530-538.
  • Laird, J., Lew, S., DeBell, M., & Chapman, C. (2006). Dropout Rates in the United States: 2002 and 2003. ED TAB. NCES 2006-062. National Center for Education Statistics.
  • Lamb, S., & Markussen, E. (2011). School dropout and completion: An international perspective. In School Dropout and Completion (pp. 1-18). Springer, Dordrecht.
  • Lamborn, S., Newmann, F., & Wehlage, G. (1992). The significance and sources of student engagement. Student engagement and achievement in American secondary schools, 11-39.
  • Lundetræ, K. (2011). Does parental educational level predict drop-out from upper secondary school for 16-to 24-year-olds when basic skills are accounted for? A cross country comparison. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 55(6), 625-637.
  • Mahuteau, S., & Mavromaras, K. (2014). An analysis of the impact of socio-economic disadvantage and school quality on the probability of school dropout. Education Economics, 22(4), 389-411.
  • McMillens, M. M., Kaufman, P., & Whitener, S. D. (1996). Dropout Rates in the United States, 1993. DIANE Publishing.
  • MEB. (2013). Ortaöğretimde sınıf tekrarı, okul terk sebepleri ve örgün eğitim dışında kalan çocuklar politika önerileri raporu. http://www.meb.gov.tr/earged/unicef/Sınıf%20Tekrarı,%20Okul%20Terki%20Politika%20Raporu.pdf
  • MEB. (2017). MEB İstatistikleri- Örgün Eğitim 2011- 2012. Ankara: http://sgb.meb.gov. tr/istatistik/meb_istatistikleri_örgün_eğitim_2011_2012.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 11 Ekim 2017.
  • Özdemir, S., Erkan, S., Karip, E., Sezgin, F., & Şirin, H. (2010). İlköğretim okulu öğrencilerinin okulu terk etme nedenleri ve çözüm önerileri.
  • Pharris-Ciurej, N., Hirschman, C., & Willhoft, J. (2012). The 9th grade shock and the high school dropout crisis. Social science research, 41(3), 709-730.
  • Randolph, K. A., Fraser, M. W., & Orthner, D. K. (2006). A strategy for assessing the impact of time-varying family risk factors on high school dropout. Journal of Family Issues, 27(7), 933-950.
  • Rotermund, S. (2007). Why students drop out of high school: Comparisons from three national surveys. University of California, Santa Barbara.
  • Rumberger, R. W. (1987). High school dropouts: A review of issues and evidence. Review of Educational Research,57, 101-121.
  • Rumberger, R. W. (2001). Why students drop out of school and what can be done. Paper Presented for Conference: Dropouts in Americe: How severe is the problem? What do we know about intervention and prevention? Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA.
  • Rumberger, R. W., & Lim, S. A. (2008). Why students drop out of school: A review of 25 years of research. Santa The truly Barbara, CA: California Dropout Research Project.
  • Sander, W. (2001). Chicago public schools and student achievement. Urban Education, 36(1), 27-38.
  • Şimşek, H. (2010). Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesindeki lise öğrencilerinin sosyal bütünleşme düzeyleri ve gelecek beklentileri. 109K300 Nolu Proje Raporu. Ankara: TÜBİTAK.
  • Şimşek, H. (2011). Lise öğrencilerinde okulu bırakma nedenleri ve eğilimleri. Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(2): 27-47.
  • Şimşek, H., & Akdemir, Ö. A. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde okula yabancılaşma. Current Research in Education, 1(1).
  • Stearns, E., & Glennie, E. J. (2006). When and why dropouts leave high school. Youth & Society, 38(1), 29-57.
  • Tamer, M. G. (2014). Trabzon ili genel liselerde okulu terk nedenlerinin belirlenmesi. Turkısh Journal of Education, 3(2), 16-37.
  • Taylı, A. (2008). Eğitim sisteminde önemli bir sorun: okulu bırakma. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, III (30), 89-101. http://www.pdr.org.tr/dergi/index.php/ PDRD/article/vievFile/240/201 Erişim tarihi: 24 Aralık 2017.
  • Teachman, J. D., Paasch, K., & Carver, K. (1996). Social capital and dropping out of school early. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 773-783.
  • Teachman, J. D., Paasch, K., & Carver, K. (1997). Social capital and the generation of human capital. Social forces, 75(4), 1343-1359.
  • TÜİK. (2013). İstatistiklerle Gençlik. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri. do?id=16055
  • TUNÇ, A. İ. (2009). Kız çocuklarının okula gitmeme nedenleri (Van ili örneği). Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1).
  • Uysal, A. (2008). Okulu bırakma sorunu üzerine tartışmalar: çevresel faktörler. Milli Eğitim. 178, 139-1150.
  • Uysal, A., & Şahin, Y. (2007). Ortaöğretimde Okulu Bırakma Olgusunu Tetikleyen Yapısal/Çevresel Faktörler, 16. Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, TokatTürkiye.
  • Wang, M. T., Willett, J. B., & Eccles, J. S. (2011). The assessment of school engagement: Examining dimensionality and measurement invariance by gender and race/ethnicity. Journal of School Psychology, 49(4), 465-480.
  • Watt, D., & Roessingh, H. (1994). ESL dropout: The myth of educational equity. Alberta Journal of Educational Research.
  • White, S. W., & Kelly, F. D. (2010). The school counselor’s role in school dropout prevention. Journal of Counseling & Development, 88(2), 227-235.
  • Witte, K., & Rogge, N. (2013). Dropout from secondary education: all’s well that begins well. European journal of education, 48(1), 131-149.
Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-4832
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1995
  • Yayıncı: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Hizmetleri Tic. Ltd. Şti.
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Okulu Terk Eden Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Okulu Terk Etme Nedenleri ve Sosyo-Ekonomik Profilleri: Şanlıurfa Örneği

Mehmet Fatih KARACABEY, Adnan BOYACI

The Mediating Effect of Workaholism in the Relationship between Teacher and Principal Behaviours Related to School Climate and Organizational Commitment

Ayşe OKUR ÖZDEMİR, RECEP SERKAN ARIK

The Relationship between Punishment Sensitivity to Affection to School and School Burnout

AYŞE AYPAY

Okul Yöneticilerinin, Öğretmenlerin ve Velilerin Görüşlerine Göre Ana Sınıfı Eğitiminde Karşılaşılan Sorunlar

Ali SABANCI, Sultan UÇAR ALTUN, Murat ALTUN

Factors Contributing to Secondary School Dropouts and the Dropouts’ Socioeconomic Profiles: Şanlıurfa Sample

MEHMET FATİH KARACABEY, ADNAN BOYACI

Relationship between Mentor Teachers’ Mentoring Functions and Beginning Teachers’ Subjective Happiness

RAMAZAN YİRCİ, Uğur ÖZALP, İbrahim KOCABAŞ

Problems Encountered in Pre-School Education According to the Views of School Managers, Teachers and Parents

ALİ SABANCI, Murat ALTUN, Sultan UÇAR ALTUN

Okul İklimine İlişkin Öğretmen ve Müdür Davranışları ile Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisinde İşkolikliğin Aracılık Etkisi

Recep Serkan ARIK, Ayşe OKUR ÖZDEMİR

Ceza Hassasiyetinin Okula Yönelik Duygu ve Okul Tükenmişliği ile İlişkisi

Ayşe AYPAY

Danışman Öğretmen Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Aday Öğretmenlerin Öznel Mutluluk Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişki

Uğur ÖZALP, İbrahim KOCABAŞ, Ramazan YİRCİ