Türkiye Genetik Kaynaklarından Bazı Su Kabağı (Lagenaria siceraria Molina Standl.) Genotiplerinin Meyve ve Tohum Özellikleri ve Tohum Verimi

Bu çalışmada, Türk su kabakları genetik kaynaklarından örnek bir grubun bazı tohum ve meyve özelikleri ile tohum verimi belirlenmiştir. Her genotipten 10 fide 3.0 *0.5 m aralıkla açık tarla koşullarına dikilmiştir. Toprak hazırlığı döneminde 10 kg N da-1, 10 kg P2O5 da-1 ve 10 kg K2O da-1 olacak şekilde gübre verilmiştir. Meyve çapı, meyve uzunluğu, meyve tohum verimi, 100 tohum ağırlığı, tohum genişliği , tohum uzunluğu ve tohum kalınlığı üç tekerrürlü olarak 5 meyvede belirlenmiştir. Meyve uzunluğu 1.15 ile 134.2 cm arasında değişirken, meyve çapı 2 ile 6 cm arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek tohum verimi 153.85 g meyve-1 ile LS31-09 genotipinden alınırken, en düşük tohum verimi 2.53 g meyve-1 ile LS01-18 genotipinde belirlenmiştir. Genotipik varyasyonun önemli olduğu 100 tohum ağırlığı 3.7 g ile 28.1 g arasında değişmiş ve ortalama 100 tohum ağırlığı 20.1 g olmuştur. Meyve çapı meyve başına tohum verimi, 100 tohum ağırlığı ve tohum uzunluğu ile pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. 100 tohum ağırlığı meyve tohum verimi, tohum eni ve tohum indexi ile pozitif korelasyon gösteriken, tohum uzunluğu ve 100 tohum ağırlığı arasında güçlü pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Türk su kabağı genetik kaynaklarının yüksek tohum verimli genotiplere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Fruit, Seed Characteristics and Seed Yield of Some Bottle Gourds (Lagenaria siceraria Molina Standl.) Genotypes From Turkish Germplasm

In this study, some fruit and seed characteristics and seed yield of a 22genotypes of Turkish Lagenaria siceraria germplasm were determined.Ten seedlings from each genotype were transplanted with 3.0 m*0.5 mspacing to open field. 10 kg N da-1, 10 kg P2O5 da-1 and 10 kg K2O da-1fertilizers were added to the soil during soil preparation. Fruitdiameter, fruit length, fruit seed yield, 100 seed weight, seed width,seed length and seed thickness were determined in three replicationwith five fruits. While the fruit length was between 134.2 and 1.15 cm,the fruit diameter varied between 2.34 and 9.42 cm. LS31-09 producedthe highest seed yield with 153.85 g fruit-1, and the lowest seed yieldwas obtained from LS01-18 with 2.53 g fruit-1. Genotypic variation wassignificant in 100 seed weight, and the 100 seeds weight with a meanof 20.1 g ranged from 3.7 g to 28.1 g. The fruit diameter was positivelycorrelated with the seed yield per fruit, seed length and 100 seedweight. Overall, 100 seed weight was positively correlated with fruitseed yield, seed width and seed index, and a strong positive correlationbetween 100 seed weight and seed length. This study showed thatTurkish bottle germplasm have high seed yield genotypes..

PDF

___

Achigan-Dako GE, Fanou N, Kouke A, Avohou H, Vodouhe RS, Ahanchede A 2006. Evaluation agronomique de trois espèces de egussi (Cucurbitaceae) utilisees dans l’alimentation au Benin et elaboration d’un modèle de prediction du rendement. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environnement 10: 121-129.
Amangoua NF, Koffi KK, Baudoin J P, Zoro BIA 2018. Heritability and number of genes controlling seed yield in bottle gourd. African Crop Science Journal 26 (2): 245-258.
Ashita E 1927. Grafting of watermelons (in Japanese). Korea (Chosun) Agric Newsl 1-9
Balkaya A, Yanmaz R, Özbakir M 2009. Evaluation of variation in seed characters of Turkish winter squash (Cucurbita maxima) populations. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 37 (3): 167-178.
Balkaya A, Özbakır Özer M, Kurtar ES 2010. The phenotypic diversity and fruit characterization of winter squash (Cucurbita maxima) populations from the Black Sea Region of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(2): 152-162.
Buthelezi LG, Mavengahama S, Ntuli NR 2019. Morphological variation and heritability studies of Lagenaria siceraria landraces from northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Biodiversitas 20 (3): 922-630.
Decker-Walters D, Staub J, Lo´pez-Se´se´ A, Nakata E 2001. Diversity in landraces and cultivars of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria; Cucurbitaceae) as assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Genet. Resour. Crop. Evol. 48: 369-380.
Decker-Walters DS, Wilkins-Ellert M, Chung S, Staub JE 2004. Discovery and genetic assessment of wild bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria; (Mol.) Standley; Cucurbitaceae] from Zimbabwe. Econ Bot. 58: 501- 508.
Emeka OE 2015. Floral characteristics and seed production in “Egusi” melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.). International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5 (3): 607-609.
Gusmini, G. 2003. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) breeding handbook. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Harris DR 1967. New light on plant domestication and the origins of agriculture: a review. Geogr Rev. 57: 90–107.
Herklots GAC 1972. Vegetables in South East Asia. George Allen and Unwin Ltd, London.
Karaca F, Yetisir H, Solmaz I, Candir E, Kurt S, Sari N, Guler Z 2012. Rootstock 341 potential of Turkish Lagenaria siceraria germplasm for watermelon: plant growth, yield 342 and quality. Turk J Agric For 36 (2): 167-177.
Koffi KK, Anzara KG, Malice M, Djè Y, Bertin P, Baudoin JP, Zoro Bi AL 2009. Morphological and allozyme variation in a collection of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. from Côte d’Ivore. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment 13 (2): 257-270.
Lee JM 1994. Cultivation of grafted vegetables I. Current status, grafting methods and benefits. HortScience 29: 235-239.
Loukou AL, Gnakri D, Djè Y, Kipré AV, Malice M, Baudoin JP, Zoro Bi IA 2007. Macronutrient composition of free cucurbit species cultivated for seed consumption in Côte d’Ivoire. African Journal of Biotechnology 6 (5): 529-533.
Loukou AL, Lognay G, Baudoin JP, Kouamé LP, Zoro Bi IA 2012. Effect of fruit maturity on oxidative stability of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. Seed oil extracted with hexane. Journal of Food Biochemistry 37(4): 475- 484.
Maggs-Kölling G, Madsen S, Christiansen J 2000. A phenetic analysis of morphological variation in Citrullus lanatus in Namibia. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 47(4): 385-393.
Manandhar NP 2002. Plants and people of Nepal. Timber Press, Oregon. ISBN: 0-88192-527-6
Mariod AA, Mustafa MMM, Nour AAM, Abdulla MA, Cheng SF 2015. Investigation of oil and protein contents of eight sudanese Lagenaria siceraria varieties. Journal of The American Oil Chemists Society 92 (4): 483-494.
Mashilo J, Shimelis H, Odindoa AO, Amelework BA 2017. Genetic differentiation of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] landraces assessed by fruit qualitative traits and simple sequence repeat markers. Scientia Horticulturae 216: 1-11
Mladenović E, Berenji J, Ognjanov V, Ljubojević M, Čukanović A 2012. Genetic variability of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standley) and its morphological characterization by multivariate analysis. Archives of Biological Sciences 64 (2): 573- 583.
Moerman D 1998. Native American ethnobotany. Timber Press, Oregon
Morimoto Y, Maundu P, Fujimaki H., Morishima H 2005. Diversity of landraces of the white-flowered gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) and its wild relatives in Kenya: fruit and seed morphology. Genet. Resour. Crop. Evol. 52: 737-747
Oda M 1995. New grafting methods for fruit-bearing vegetables in Japan. JARQ 29: 187–198
Paris HS 2001. Characterization of Cucurbita pepo collection at the Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Israël. Plant genetic Resources Newsletter 126: 41- 45.
Pradhan RC., Said PP, Singh S 2013. Physical properties of bottle gourd seeds. Agric Eng Int: CIGR Journal, 15(1): 106-113.
SAS Institute 2005. SAS Online Doc, Version 8. SAS Inst., Cary, NC
Sharma RK, Tomar BS, Singh SP, Kumar A 2016. Effect of growing methods on seed yield and quality in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 86(3): 373-378.
TUİK 2018. http://tuik.gov.tr/UstMenu.do?metod= kategorist
Whitaker TW 1971. Endemism and pre-Columbian migration of bottle gourd, Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl. In: Riley CL, Kelley JC, Pennington CW, Runds RL (eds) Man across the sea. University of Texas Pres, Austin, pp 78–218
Yetisir H, Sarı N 2003. Effect of different rootstock on plant growth, yield and quality of watermelon. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 43: 1269-1274.
Yetisir H, Çaliskan ME, Soylu S, Sakar M 2006. Some physiological and growth responses of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai] grafted onto Lagenaria siceraria to flooding. Environ. Exp. Bot. 58: 1-8
Yetişir H, Şakar M, Serçe S 2008. Collection and morphological characterization of Lagenaria siceraria germplasm from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Genet Resour. Crop Evol. 55: 1257–1266.
Zoro Bi IA, Koffi KK, Djè Y 2003. Caractérisation botanique et agronomique de trois espèces de cucurbites consommées en sauce en Afrique de l’Ouest: Citrullus sp., Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin et Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment 7 (3-4): 189-199.