Selçuk, SEMİH KALE, Musa BULUT, Bahri İZCİ

Tatlısu Istakozunun (Pontastacus leptodactylus) Çeltik (Oryza sativa L.) İle Birlikte Polikültür Yetiştiriciliğinde İdeal Stok Oranlarının Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Bu çalışma ile kontrollü ortamda çeltik–kerevit polikültüryetiştiriciliğinde ideal stok oranlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Bu kapsamda, çeltik tarımı yapılan alanların tarla balıkçılığıaçısından değerlendirilmesi için yumurtalı dişi tatlısuıstakozlarından laboratuvar ortamında temin edilen yavru bireylerkontrollü ortamda çeltik ekili alanlara farklı stok oranlarında (25birey m-2, 50 birey m-2 ve 100 birey m-2) yerleştirilmiştir. Araştırmasonunda tatlısu ıstakozu yavruları için hayatta kalma (%72) ile boy veağırlık yönünden en iyi büyümenin 25 birey m-2 stok yoğunluğu olanortamda gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir (p

A Study on Determining the Ideal Stock Density of Freshwater Crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) in Polyculture with Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

This paper aims to determine optimum stock density for rice–crayfish rearing in controlled environment. Juvenile freshwater crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) obtained in the laboratory condition from female freshwater crayfish were stocked into rice–planted artificial pond at different stock densities (25 individuals m-2, 50 individuals m2, and 100 individuals m-2) for the assessment of paddy field areas in terms of field fisheries in Turkey. Results showed that the best survival rate (72%) and growth for juvenile freshwater crayfish in point of length and weight has been observed at the stock density of 25 individuals m-2. In addition, statistically significant difference has been found between this stock density and the other stock densities (p

PDF

___

Ackefors H, Lindqvist OV 1994. Cultivation of Freshwater Crayfishes in Europe, In: Huner, (Ed.), Freshwater Crayfish Aquaculture in North America, Europe, and Australia, Families Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae. Food Products Press, New York.
Akhan S, Bektas Y, Berber S, Kalayci G 2014. Population structure and genetic analysis of narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) populations in Turkey. Genetica, 142: 381–395.
Alderman DJ, Wickins JF 1990. Crayfish Culture. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Directorate of Fisheries Research, Laboratory Leaflet, No:62.
Aydın H 1998. Growth and Maturity of Freshwater Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz 1823) Juveniles in Concrete Fish Ponds, Fisheco 98, First International Symposium on Fisheries and Ecology Proceedings, September 2–4, Trabzon, Turkey, 487–491.
Aydın H 2010. The Growth of the Freshwater Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Juveniles until the Fist Sexual Maturity Age in Concrete Fish Ponds. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9 (12): 1720–1723.
Ballestrazzi R, Lanari D, D’Agora E, Mion A 1994. The Effect of Dietary Protein Level and Source on Growth, Body Composition, Total Ammonia and Reactive Phosphate Excretion of Growing Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Aquaculture, 127: 197–206.
Begon M, Harper JL, Townsend CR 1986. Ecology– Individuals, Populations and Communities. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 876pp.
Berber S 1999. Tatlısu İstakozu (Astacus leptodactylus salinus, Nordmann, 1842) Yavrularının Gelişimi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Temel Bilimler ABD, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 35s.
Berber S, Yıldız H, Türel S 2011. Kerevit Yetiştiriciliğinde Alternatif Model: Çeltik–Kerevit Rotasyonu. Çanakkale Tarımı Sempozyumu, 10–11 Ocak, Çanakkale.
Berber S, Kale S 2018. Comparison of Juvenile Astacus leptodactylus Growth Raised in Cages in Rice Fields to other Crayfish Juvenile Growth Studies. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18(2): 331–341.
Bernabe G 1993. Broodstock Management and Egg and Larval Quality. (Aquaculture, Blackwell Science Publications, Oxford: Ed. Bromage NR, Robert RJ)
Bradford DF, Cooper SD, Jenkins TM, Krantz Jr K, Sarnelle O, Brown AD 1998. Influences of Natural Acidity and Introduced Fish on Faunal Assemblages in California Alpine Lakes. Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 55: 2478– 2491.
Chien YH, Avault JW Jr 1980. Production of Crayfish in Rice Fields. The Progressive Fish–Culturist, 42: 67–71.
Chien YC, Avault JW Jr 1983. Effects of Flooding Dates and Type of Disposal of Rice Straw on the Initial Survival and Growth of Caged Juvenile Freshwater Crayfish, Procambarus clarkii in Ponds. Freshwater Crayfish, 5: 344–350.
Crandall KA, Buhay JE 2008. Global Diversity (Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae– Decapoda) in Freshwater. Hydrobiologia, 595: 295– 301.
Crandall KA, De Grave S 2017. An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the World, with a complete species list. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1–39. doi:10.1093/jcbiol/rux070.
Çetinkaya O 1995. Balık Besleme. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Yayın No:9, 137s.
Diler Ö 2013. Tatlısu Istakozu Üretimi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Yayın No: 530, 150s.
Erdem M 1993. Eğirdir Gölü Kerevitlerinden (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Yapay Olarak Elde Edilen Yavruların Yaşama Oranlarının Tespiti Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliği ABD, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 78s.
Erkebay C 2004. Sera Gölü (Trabzon) Kerevit (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Stoğunun Biyolojik Özellikleri, Stok Yapısı ve Doğu Karadeniz Koşullarında Yetiştiricilik Olanakları.
Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Balıkçılık Teknolojisi Mühendisliği ABD, Doktora Tezi, 70 s.
Erkoyuncu İ 1995. Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Basımevi, Samsun, Yayın No: 95, 265 s.
FAO 2017. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global capture production 1950–2015 (FishStatJ). In: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department [online]. Rome. Updated 2017. www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en
Firkins I 1993. Environmental Tolerances of Three Species of Freshwater Crayfish. PhD Thesis, Nottingham University, 288p.
Goddard J 1988. Food and Feeding in Freshwater Crayfish (Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Exploitation and Management, Timber Press, London, UK: Ed. Holdich D, Lowery R) 145–166.
Güner Ö, Mazlum Y 2010. Farklı Protein Seviyelerindeki Dietlerin Yavru Tatlısu Kerevitlerinin (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Büyüme, Yaşama Oranları ve Vücut Kompozisyonları Üzerine Etkileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2): 1–10.
Harlioğlu MM, Çakmak MN, Köprücü K, Aksu Ö, Harlioğlu AG, Yonar SM, Duran TÇ, Özcan S, Gündoğdu H 2012a. The Effect of Dietary n–3 Series Fatty Acids on the Number of Pleopadal Egg and Stage 1 Juvenile in Freshwater Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz. Aquaculture Research, 44(6): 860–868.
Hidalgo F, Alliot E, Thebault H 1987. Influence of Water Temperature on Food Intake, Food Efficiency and Gross Composition of Juvenile Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquaculture, 64: 199– 207.
Holdich DM 2002. Biology of Freshwater Crayfish. Oxford, U.K., Blackwell Science, 702 p.
Huner JV, Barr JE 1991. Red Swamp Crawfish: Biology and Exploitation. Sea Grant No: LSU–T– 80–001, LSU Center for Wetland Resources, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Huner JV 1988. Procambarus in North America and Elsewhere. (Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Management and Exploitation, Croom Helm, London, UK: Ed. Holdich DM, Lower RS) 239–261.
James WA Jr, Huner JV 1985. Freshwater Prawns, (Crustacean and Mollusk Aquaculture in the United States, Avi Publishing Company Inc., Wesport, Connecticut: Ed. Huner JV, Brown EE) 1– 54.
Kalma M 1996. Beşgöz Gölündeki (Konya–Konuklar, Türkiye) Tatlısu İstakozu (Astacus leptodactylus salinus, Nordmann, 1842)’nun Gelişme Durumunun Araştırılması. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 13(1–2): 1–7.
Köksal G 1982. Akşehir Gölü Tatlısu İstakozunun (Astacus leptodactylus salinus, Nordmann, 1842) Sakaryabaşı Balık Üretim ve Araştırma İstasyonunda Üretimi ve Genç Yavruların Beslenmesi Üzerinde İncelemeler. A.Ü., Fen Fak., Doçentlik Tezi, 84s.
Köksal G 1985. Kültür Koşullarında Tatlısu İstakozunun (Astacus leptodactylus salinus, Nordmann, 1842) Üreme Randımanı Üzerine İncelemeler. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 2(5–6): 42–56.
Köksal G 1988. Astacus leptodactylus in Europa. (Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Management and Exploitation, Croom Helm, London, UK: Ed. Holdich DM, Lower RS) 365–400.
Köksal G, Ölmez M, Bekcan S, Güler AS 1992. Doğal Suların Restorasyonu İçin Tatlısu İstakozu (Astacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz, 1823) Yavru Yetiştiriciliği. İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 1: 1–16.
Kulesh VF, Alekhnovich AV 2010. Farming of the Juvenile Narrow–clawed Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) in Cages and Ponds in Polyculture with Fish in the Heated Waste Water of the Thermal Power Plant. Hydrobiological Journal, 46(3): 45–59.
Kumlu M 2001. Karides, İstakoz ve Midye Yetiştiriciliği. Çukurova Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Yayınları, 395s.
LaCaze CG 1981. Crawfish Farming. Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission, Baton Rouge, Fisheries Bulletin, No: 7.
Lall SP, Bishop FJ 1976. Studies on the Nutrient Requirements of Rainbow Trout, Salmo gairdneri, Grown in Sea Water and Fresh Water. Advances in Aquaculture. Fishing News Books Ltd., Farnham, Surrey, England.
Lodge D, Hill A 1994. Diel Changes in Resource Demand: Competition and Predation in Species Replacement among Crayfish. Ecology, 75: 532– 547.
Mazlum Y, Uzun C 2008. Korunak Tiplerinin Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) Kerevitlerinin Büyümesi, Hayatta Kalması ve Yem Değerlendirmesi Üzerine Etkileri. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 2(3): 321–328.
Mazlum Y 2007. Stocking Density Affects the Growth, Survival and Cheliped Injures of Third Instars of Narrow–clawed Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 Juveniles. Crustaceana, 80(7): 803–815.
Mazlum Y, Güner Ö, Sirin S 2011. Effects of Feeding Interval on Growth, Survival and Body Composition of Narrow–Clawed Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 Juveniles. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11: 1–2.
Merrick JR, Lambert CN 1991. The Yabby, Marron and Red Claw Production and Marketing. J.R. Merricks Publications, Australia.
Momot WT, Gowing H, Jones PD 1978. The Dynamics of Crayfish and Their Role in the Ecosystem. American Midland Naturalist, 99: 10–35.
Momot WT 1995. Redefining the Role of Crayfish in Aquatic Ecosystems. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 3(1): 33–63.
Nyström P 2002. Ecology. (Biology of Freshwater Crayfish, Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK: Ed. Holdich DM) 192–235.
Pickering AD, Griffiths R, Pottinger TG 1987. A Comparison of the Effects of Overhead Cover on the Growth, Survival and Haematology of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar L., and Rainbow Trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. Aquaculture, 66: 109–124.
Ramirez LFB, Herrera FD, Sandoval FC, Sevilla BB, Rodriguez MH 1994. Diel Thermoregulation of the Crawfish Procambarus clarkii (Crustacea, Cambaridae). Journal of Thermal Biology, 19(6): 419–422.
Ricker WE 1973. Linear Regressions in Fishery Research. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 30: 409–434.
Storebakken T, Austreng E 1987. Ration Level for Salmonids II: Growth, Feed Intake, Protein Digestibility, Body Composition, and Feed Conversion in Rainbow Trout Weighing 0.5–1.0 kg. Aquaculture, 60: 207–221.
Thomas CH 1965. A Preliminary Report on the Agriculture Production of Red Swamp Crayfish in Louisiana Rice Fields. Proceeding of Annual Conference Southeast Association Game and Fish Community, 17: 180–186.
TÜİK 2017. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Veri tabanları, http://rapory.tuik.gov.tr/29–11–2017– 09:21:02–1360581333976585582337456933.html
Türel S 2012. Kalsiyum İçerikli Yemlerin Tatlısu Istakozları Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823)’nın Büyüme Performansına Etkisi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Temel Bilimler ABD, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 39s.
Ulikowski D, Krzywosk T, Smietana P 2006. A Comparison of Survival and Growth in Juvenile Astacus leptodactylus (Esch.) and Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) under Controlled Conditions. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture, 380–381: 1245–1253.
Uzun C 2007. Farklı Stok Yoğunluğunun Juvenil Tatlısu Kerevitlerinin (Astacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz, 1823) Büyümeleri, Yem Değerlendirme Oranları ve Hayatta Kalma Oranları Üzerine Etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri ABD, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 37s.
Viosca P Jr 1966. Crayfish Farming. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fish, Educational Bulletin No: 2.
Whitledge GW, Rabeni CF 2003. Maximum Daily Consumption and Respiration Rates at Four Temperatures for Five Species of Crayfish from Missouri U.S.A (Decapoda, Orconectes spp.). Crustaceana, 75(9): 1119–1132.
Wingfield M. 1998. An Overview of Production Techniques Practiced in the Australian Crayfish Farming Industry. In Proceedings of the 1st Natfish Annual Conference/Trade Show, North Coast Institute of TAFE, NSW, Australia.
Zanuy S, Carrillo M 1985. Annual Cycles of Growth, Feeding Rate, Gross Conversion Efficiency and Hematocrit Levels of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Adapted to Two Different Osmotic Media. Aquaculture, 44: 11–25.