Konya İli Selçuklu İlçesindeki Yarasaların Akustik Olarak Araştırılması

Ekolokasyon çağrılarının şekil ve modeline dayalı olarak böcekçil yarasa türlerini akustik yönden tanımlamak, farklı yaşam alanlarının kullanımını, etkinlik ve davranış kalıplarını ortaya çıkarmak için başarılı bir araç haline gelmiştir. Birçok araştırmacı yarasa türlerini tespit etmek ve habitat kullanımını değerlendirmek için ultrasonik detektörleri kullanmış ve bu yöntem özellikle yakalanması zor türler için değerli hale gelmiştir. Konya ili Selçuklu ilçesinde ultrasonik dedektör kullanılarak yapılan çalışmada, toplam 3167 yarasa geçişi kaydedilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 6 tür (Myotis myotis / blythii, Barbastella barbastellus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Hypsugo savii, Eptesicus serotinus ve Miniopterus schreibersii) analiz edildi. B. barbastellus ve E. serotinus çalışma bölgesinde akustik olarak ilk defa kaydedildi. ANOVA analizi ile M. myotis / blythii, B. barbastellus, P. pipistrellus ve M. schreibersii türlerinin çağrılarının kaydedildiği lokasyonlar arasında çağrı parametreleri yönünden anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. 5 türü (M. myotis / blythii, B. barbastellus, P. pipistrellus, H. savii ve M. schreibersii) sınıflandırmak için Diskriminant Fonksiyon Analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. DFA sonucunda, türler %100 oranında sınıflandırmıştır.

Acoustical Investigation of Bats in Selçuklu District of Konya Province

Based on the shape and model of echolocation calls, the acousticdefinition of insectivorous bat species has become a successful tool forrevealing the use of different habitats, activity and behaviourpatterns. Many researchers have used ultrasonic detectors to identifybat species and assess habitat use. This method has becomeparticularly valuable for species that are difficult to capture. In thisstudy, a total of 3167 bat passages were recorded in the Selçuklu districtof Konya province, by using an ultrasonic detector. As a result of thesurvey, 6 species (Myotis myotis / blythii, Barbastella barbastellus,Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Hypsugo savii, Eptesicus serotinus andMiniopterus schreibersii) were analysed. B. barbastellus and E.serotinus were recorded acoustically for the first time in the studyarea. ANOVA analysis showed that there were no significantdifferences in the call parameters between the locations where M.myotis / blythii, B. barbastellus, P. pipistrellus and M. schreibersiispecies were recorded. Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) wasperformed to classify 5 species (M. myotis / blythii, B. barbastellus, P.pipistrellus, H. savii and M. schreibersii). As a result of the DFA, thespecies were classified as 100%.

PDF

___

Albayrak İ 1985. Researches on Bats of Ankara Province (Mammalia: Chiroptera). De la Faculte des Sciences de L'Universite D'Ankara, Serie C: Biologie 3: 1-20.
Albayrak İ 1993. The Bats of Western Turkey and Their Distribution (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Turkish Journal of Zoology 17: 237-257.
Aşan Baydemir N, Albayrak İ 2006. A Study on the Breeding Biology of Some Bat Species in Turkey (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Turkish Journal of Zoology 30: 103-110.
Bader E, Bontadina F, Frey-Ehrenbold A, Schönbächler C, Zingg PE at al. 2018. Guidelines for the Recording, Analysis and Validation of Bat Calls in Switzerland. Report of the Swiss Bat Bioacoustics Group SBBG.
Benda P, Horáček I 1998. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the Eastern Mediterranean. Part 1: Review of Distribution and Taxonomy of Bats in Turkey. Acta Societas Zoologicae Bohemicae 62: 255-313.
Benda P, Karataş A 2005. On Some Mediterranean Populations of Bats of the Myotis mystacinus Morphogroup (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), Lynx (Praha), 36: 9-38.
Brabant R, Laurent Y, Dolap U, Degraer S, Poerink BJ 2018. Comparing the Results of Four Widely Used Automated Bat Identification Software Programs to Identify Nine Bat Species in Coastal Western Europe. Belgian Journal of Zoology 148(2):121.
Çoraman E, Furman A, Karataş A, Bilgin R 2013. Phylogeographic Analysis of Anatolian Bats Highlights the Importance of the Region for Preserving the Chiropteran Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in the Western Palaearctic. Conservation Genetics 14: 1205-1216.
Feldhamer GA, Drickamer LC, Vessey SH, Merritt JF And Krajewski C 2007. Mammalogy: Adaptation, Diversity, Ecology. 3rd Edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimor, Maryland.
Fenton MB 1990. The Foraging Behaviour and Ecology of Animal-Eating Bats. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 411-422.
Fenton MB, Bell GP 1981. Recognition of Species of Insectivorous Bats by Their Echolocation Calls. Journal of Mammalogy 62: 233-243.
Furman A, Postawa T, Öztunç T, Çoraman E 2010. Cryptic Diversity of the Bent-Wing Bat, Miniopterus schreibersii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), in Asia Minor. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10: 121.
Griffin DR 1944. Echolocation byBlind Men, Bats and Radar. Science, 100(2609): 589-590.
Griffin DR 1958. Listening in the Dark: the Acoustic Orientation of Bats and Men.
Griffin DR, Webster FA, Michael CR 1960. The Echolocation of Flying Insects by Bats. Animal Behaviour 8: 141-154.
Hafner J, Dietz C, Schnitzler HU, Denzinger A 2015. Das Echoortungsverhalten der Nymphenfledermaus Myotis alcathoe. Verbreitung und Ökologie der Nymphenfledermaus 27.
Hartridge H, 1920. The Avoidance of Objects by Bats in Their Flight. The Journal of Physiology 54(1-2): 54-57.
Harvey MJ, Altenbach JS, Best TL 2011. Bats of the United States and Canada. Johns Hopkins University Press 15.
IUCN 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020–1. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ search/list?taxonomies=100265searchType=species Jones G 1996. Does Echolocation Constrain the Evolution of Body Size in Bats? (In: Symposia of the Zoological Society of London. London: The Society, 1960-1999) 111-128.
Jones G, Gordon T, Nightingale J 1992. Sex and Age Differences in the Echolocation Calls of the Lesser Horseshoe Bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros. Mammalia 56: 189-194.
Kalko EK, Schnitzler HU 1993. Plasticity in Echolocation Signals of European Pipistrelle Bats in Search Flight: Implications for Habitat Use and Prey Detection. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 33: 415-428.
Karataş A, Sözen M 2006. Bats of the Middle and Upper Kızılırmak Regions, Central Anatolia, Turkey (Chiroptera). Lynx (Praha) 37: 151-159.
Larsen RJ, Boegler KA, Genoways HH, Masefield WP, Kirsch RA et al. 2007. Mist Netting Bias, Species Accumulation Curves, and the Rediscovery of Two Bats on Montserrat (Lesser antilles). Acta Chiropterologica 9: 423-435.
Macswiney G, Cristina M, Clarke FM, Racey PA 2008. What You See is Not What You Get: The Role of Ultrasonic Detectors in Increasing Inventory Completeness in Neotropical Bat Assemblages. Journal of Applied Ecology 45: 1364-1371.
Nyssen P, Smits Q, Van De Sijpe M, Vandendriessche B, Halfmaerten D et al. 2015. First Records of Myotis alcathoe Von Helversen & Heller, 2001 in Belgium. Belgian Journal of Zoology 145: 130-136.
Obrist MK, Boesch R, Flückiger PF 2004. Variability in Echolocation Call Design of 26 Swiss Bat Species: Consequences, Limits and Options for Automated Field Identification with a Synergetic Pattern Recognition Approach. Mammalia Mamm 68: 307- 322.
Papadatou E, Butlin RK, Altringham JD 2008. Identification of Bat Species in Greece from Their Echolocation Calls. Acta Chiropterologica 10: 127- 143.
Parsons S 2004. Signal Processing Techniques for Species Identification. Bat Echolocation Research: Tools, Techniques and Analysis 114.
Parsons S, Jones G 2000. Acoustic Identification of Twelve Species of Echolocating Bat by Discriminant Function Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks. Journal of Experimental Biology 203: 2641-2656.
Pierce GW, Griffin DR 1938. Experimental Determination of Supersonic Notes Emitted by Bats. Journal of Mammalogy 19(4): 454-455.
Pye JD 1960. A Theory of Echolocation by Bats. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 74(10): 718-729.
Redgwell R, Szewczak J, Jones G, Parsons S 2009. Classification of Echolocation Calls from 14 Species of Bat by Support Vector Machines and Ensembles of Neural Networks. Algorithms 2: 907-924.
Russ J 2012. British Bat Calls: A Guide to Species Identification. Pelagic Publishing.
Russo D, Jones G 2002. Identification of Twenty-Two Bat Species (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Italy by Analysis of Time-Expanded Recordings of Echolocation Calls. Journal of Zoology 258: 91-103.
Russo D, Jones G, Arlettaz R 2007. Echolocation and Passive Listening by Foraging Mouse-Eared Bats Myotis myotis and M. blythii. Journal of Experimental Biology 210: 166-176.
Rydell J 1990. Behavioural Variation in Echolocation Pulses of the Northern Bat, Eptesicus nilssoni. Ethology 85: 103-113.
Schnitzler H-U, Moss CF, Denzinger A 2003. From Spatial Orientation to Food Acquisition in Echolocating Bats. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 18(8): 386-394.
Vaughan N, Jones G, Harris S 1997. Identification of British Bat Species by Multivariate Analysis of Echolocation Call Parameters. Bioacoustics 7: 189- 207.
Von Helversen O 1989. New Records of Bats (Chiroptera) from Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East 3: 5-18.
Von Helversen O, Heller K-G, Mayer F, Nemeth A, Volleth M et al. 2001. Cryptic Mammalian Species: A New Species of Whiskered Bat (Myotis alcathoe n. sp.) in Europe. Naturwissenschaften 88: 217-223.
Yorulmaz T, Arslan N, 2016. Türkiye Yarasalarının (Mammalia: Chiroptera) Son Durumu ve Ulusal Korunma Statüleri İçin Öneriler (Poster Sunum) 23. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, 5-9 Eylül 2016, Gaziantep.
Wordley CF, Foui EK, Mudappa D, Sankaran M, Altringham JD 2014. Acoustic Identification of Bats in the Southern Western Ghats, India. Acta Chiropterologica 16: 213-222.