Kallus Hücre Süspansiyon Kültürleri ve Elisitör Uygulamalarının Enginarda [ Cynara cardunculus var.scolymus (L.) Fiori] Biyoaktif Bileşenler Üzerine Etkisi

Enginar [ Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] doğada ham bitki materyalinde yüksek miktarlarda ve stabil olarak üretilmeyen değerli biyoaktif bileşenleri nedeniyle sağlık üzerine koruyucu birçok özelliğe sahiptir. Bu biyoaktif bileşenler, kallus ve hücre süspansiyon kültürleri gibi değerli in vitro tekniklerin ve elisitör gibi çeşitli yeni uygulamaların katkısıyla artırılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli besi ortam kombinasyonlarında kallus hücre süspansiyon kültürleri kullanılarak ve 3 farklı konsantrasyonda (metil jasmonat 50 μM, 100 μM ve 200 μM; kitosan 200 mg L-1, 400 mg L-1 ve 800 mg L-1) 3 farklı uygulama süresiyle (24 saat, 48 saat ve 72 saat) uygulamaların biyoaktif içerikler üzerine olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çeşitlerin biyoaktif bileşik profili HPLC-DAD ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, besi ortamı bileşiminde iyi dengelenmiş oksin: sitokinin (1:1 veya 10:1) konsantrasyonlarının kullanılmasının, enginarda kallus oluşum sürecini tetiklemek için bir zorunluluk olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar ayrıca biriken biyoaktif bileşenlerin ve miktarlarının çeşitlere göre değiştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma sonuçları, istenen biyoaktif bileşen seviyelerini elde etmek için metil jasmonat ve kitosan dışında farklı tipte elisitörlerin veya aynı elisitörlerin farklı dozlarının ve/veya uygulama sürelerinin kullanılması/test edilmesi gerektiğini açık bir şekilde ortaya koymuştur. Mevcut çalışmanın bulgularının, tarım ve ilaç mühendisliği gibi birçok önemli alanda destekleyici ve tamamlayıcı bir etkisi olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Effects of Callus Cell Suspension Cultures and Elicitor Applications on Bioactive Components in Globe Artichoke [ Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori]

Globe artichoke [ Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] has many health-protecting properties due to its valuable bioactive components which are not stable and produced in high amounts in the raw plant material in nature. These bioactive components that gaining interest can be increased thanks to the contribution of valuable in vitro techniques, such as callus and cell suspension cultures, and various new applications such as elicitor treatments. The present study aimed to determined bioactive components in three globe artichoke cultivars by using callus cell suspension cultures in various media combinations and by applying two elicitor treatments, namely methyl jasmonate and chitosan, at 3 different concentrations (methyl jasmonate 50 μM, 100 μM, and 200 μM; chitosan 200 mg L-1, 400 mg L-1, and 800 mg L-1) with 3 different application durations (24h, 48h, and 72h). The bioactive compounds profile of cultivars was determined by HPLC-DAD. Obtained results revealed that using well- balanced concentrations of auxin: cytokinin (1:1 or 10:1) in a media composition is a must for triggering the callus formation process for globe artichoke. Results also showed that accumulated bioactive components and their amounts varied based on cultivars. Experiment results revealed that different types of elicitors other than methyl jasmonate and chitosan, or different doses of elicitors and application durations should be used/tested to get desired levels of bioactive components. The findings of the present study may play a supportively and complementarily mission in several important fields such as agriculture, and pharmaceutical engineering.

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