SERAMİK MALZEMELERİN İŞLENMESİNDE UYGULANAN ALIŞILMAMIŞ İMALAT YÖNTEMLERİ

Bu derleme çalışmada, seramiklerin talaşlı imalatında kullanılan alışılmamış imalat yöntemlerinin detaylı analizi yapılarak elde edilen kazanımlar ve eksiklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu yöntemler arasında, aşındırıcı jet ile işleme ve aşındırıcı su jeti ile işleme, ultrasonik işleme ve döner ultrasonik işleme, elektro erozyon ve tel erozyon ile işleme en çok kullanılanlardır. Aşındırıcı jet ve aşındırıcı su jeti ile işleme diğer yöntemlere göre bazı üstün özelliklere sahip olması nedeni ile tercih sebebidir. Kesme bölgesinde çok az miktarda ısı üretmesi, metal, metal olmayan, kompozit, seramik gibi her türlü malzemenin kesilip işlenebilmesi, tel erozyon ile işleme işleminden daha yüksek bir malzeme çıkarma oranı ve lazer ile işleme işleminden daha iyi yüzey bütünlüğü sağlaması bu özelliklerden birkaçıdır. Ultrasonik ve döner ultrasonik işleme yöntemiyle, özellikle sert ve kırılgan malzemelerin hassas olarak işlenebilmesi ile diğer yöntemlere göre üstündür. Elektro erozyon ve tel erozyon ile işleme yönteminin tercih edilmesinin nedenleri, elektrik iletken her parça işlenebilmesi ve çok karmaşık şekillerde işleme sağlanabilmesi, takım ile iş parçası arasında temas olmadığı için fiziksel deformasyonun az olması, ısıl işlemden etkilenmiş bölgenin az olması olarak sıralanabilir. Gelecekteki araştırmalarda, talaş kaldırma hızı, yüzey kalitesi, enerji tüketimi ve işleme maliyetlerini içeren çok amaçlı optimizasyon çalışmalarına odaklanılması yüksek verimlilik ve sürdürülebilirlik noktasında önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Seramikler, Alışılmamış imalat, Elektro erozyonla işleme, Abrasive jet işleme, Ultrasonik işleme

Unconventional Manufacturing Methods Applied in Machining of Ceramic Materials

In this review study, it is aimed to determine the gains and deficiencies obtained by making a detailed analysis of the unconventional manufacturing methods used in the machining of ceramics. The most used of these methods can be listed as abrasive jet machining and abrasive water jet machining, ultrasonic machining and rotary ultrasonic machining, electro erosion and wire erosion machining. Machining with abrasive jet and abrasive water jet is preferred with some superior features. Some of these features are that it generates very little heat in the cutting zone, can be cut and machined of all kinds of materials such as metal, non-metal, composite, ceramic, a higher material removal rate than wire erosion machining and better surface integrity than laser machining. With the ultrasonic and rotary ultrasonic processing method, it is superior to other methods, especially with the precision processing of hard and brittle materials. The reasons for choosing the electrical discharge machining and wire electrical discharge machining can be listed as the fact that every piece that conducts electricity can be processed, very complex shapes can be formed, physical deformation is less and the area affected by heat treatment is less since there is no contact between the tool and the workpiece. In future research, focusing on multi-purpose optimization studies including metal removal rate, surface quality and energy consumption and machining costs will make significant contributions to high productivity and sustainability.

Keywords:

Ceramics, Unconventional manufacturing, Electrical discharge machining, Abrasive jet machining, Ultrasonic machining,

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