Şiddet Olaylarının Yakın Öncülleri Ölçeği Mağdur Formu’nun (ŞOYÖM) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

Kadına yönelik şiddet farklı kültürel, sosyal ve ekonomik düzeydeki kadınların yaşadığı önemli bir sorundur. Birey ve toplum üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olan bu soruna ilişkin çeşitli açıklamalar sunulmuştur. Şiddet anını yordayan öncüller, kadına yönelik şiddetle ilişkili pek çok parametre içinde açıklama gücünün görece yüksekliği ile öne çıkmaktadır. Şiddet Olaylarının Yakın Öncülleri (ŞOYÖ) bu öncülleri fail bakış açısıyla inceleyen bir formdur. Bu çalışmada ŞOYÖ’nün mağdur diliyle Türkçeye uyarlaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada ŞOYÖ Mağdur Formu (ŞOYÖM), Çatışmaların Çözümüne Yaklaşım Ölçeği (ÇÇYÖ), Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE-53), Kişilik İnanç Ölçeği-Kısa Form (KİÖ-KF) ve İki Boyutlu Sosyal İstenirlik Ölçeği (SİÖ) 18-67 (Ort. = 38.8) yaş arası 101 kadın katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Faktör analizi sonrası elde edilen form fiziksel şiddetin “etkileşim” (ŞOYÖME; Cronbach Alfa = .96) ve “sadakat” (ŞOYÖM-S; Cronbach Alfa = .87) anlaşmazlıkları sonrası ortaya çıktığını göstermiştir. ŞOYÖM, ŞOYÖM-E ve ŞOYÖM-S puanları ÇÇYÖ fiziksel şiddet; ŞOYÖM, ŞOYÖM-E puanları ÇÇYÖ yaralanma puanlarıyla yüksek korelasyon gösterirken ölçek toplam ya da alt boyut puanları KSE-53, KİÖ-KF, SİÖ alt boyutlarıyla anlamlı ilişki göstermemiştir. Kadın sığınma evinde kalan kadınların ŞOYÖM puanları, eşiyle yaşayan şiddet mağduru kadınlardan anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bulgular, ŞOYÖM’ün orijinal fail ölçeğinin kavramsal yapısıyla uyumlu, güvenilir ve geçerli olduğuna işaret etmiştir. Gelecek çalışmaların ŞOYÖM ve alt boyutlarını çiftler için eş zamanlı ele almasının alanyazına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

The Turkish validity and reliability study of the Proximal Antecedents to Violent Episodes Scale Victim Form (PAVEV)

Violence against women (VAW) is an important problem faced by women from different cultural, social and economic backgrounds. Varying explanations have been offered for this problem which has negative effects on people and society. Antecedents predicting the violent episode are prominent among various parameters of VAW. Proximal Antecedents to Violent Episodes (PAVE) form scrutinizes these antecedents from perpetrator’s perspective. The aim of the current study was to conduct the Turkish adaptation of PAVE from victims’ perspective. PAVE Victim Version (PAVEV), The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Personality Beliefs Questionnaire-Short From (PBQ-SF) and Two-dimensional Social Desirability Scale (SDS) were administered to 101 women whose ages range between 18 and 67 years (M = 38.88). The form obtained after factor analysis revealed that physical violence occurs following “interaction” (PAVEV-I; Cronbach Alpha = .96) and “fidelity” (PAVEV-F; Cronbach Alpha = .87) disagreements. PAVEV, PAVEV-I and PAVEV-F scores were correlated with CTS physical violence scores; PAVEV and PAVEV-I scores were correlated with CTS injury scores, but none of PAVEV scores were correlated with BSI, PBQ-SF or SDS subscale scores. Shelter-residing women got higher subscale and total scores than those residing-withpartners. Findings revealed that PAVEV is a reliable and valid measure showing coherence with the conceptualization of the original perpetrator scale. Nevertheless, future studies should analyze PAVEV total score and its subscales simultaneously in couples.

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