Duns Scotus’un Metafiziğinde Tekil Varolanlar Olarak Fark

Bu makalede, Duns Scotus’un metafiziği tümel kavramlar ve fark olarak tekil varolanlar açısından incelenecektir. Hem modern hem de çağdaş felsefede önemli etkileri olan Duns Scotus en genel anlamda varolanların varlığının ve fark olarak tekil varolanların filozofudur. Çünkü o, tekil varolanları tümel kavramların özü altında yok etmez. Bu nedenle onun metafiziği açısından, varlığın özü ile ilgili olan tümel kavramlar tekil varolanlarla bağlantılıdır. Bu bağlamda, tekil varolanlar ve tümel kavramlar, cinsler ve türler problemlerini anlamak için bizim onun metafiziğinin ne olduğunu bilmeye ihtiyacımız var. Bu nedenle makalede ilk olarak metafizik ve tümel kavramlar ilişkisi açıklanacak; sonrasında ise tekil varlığın ne olduğu irdelenecektir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada şunu savunmaktayım, Scotus’un tikel varolanlar ideası bir olan fark’a aittir.

The Difference as the Individual Beings in Duns Scotus' Metaphysics

In this article, Duns Scotus’s metaphysics will be examined in terms of the universal concepts and the individual beings as difference or one. These problems will be discussed in the perspective of Duns Scotus’ metaphysics that is related to transcendentals and being. Duns Scotus is the philosopher of being of beings and the individual beings as the difference because he does not destroy the individual being under the essence of the universal concepts, which is the object of metaphysic. In terms of his metaphysic the universal concepts that are the essence of beings are connected to the individual beings. In order to be able to understand the problem of the individual beings and the universal concepts like species and genius, we need to know what his metaphysics is. Therefore, in this study, firstly the relationship of metaphysics and the universal concepts will be explained; secondly, what the individual being as difference is. As a result, I argue that Duns’ the idea of individual beings belongs to the difference that is the one.

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