Meksika'nın Batısındaki Abies jaliscana'nın Egemen Olduğu Ilıman Ormanların Bitki Örtüsü Yapısı, Sınıflandırılması ve Iklimsel Özellikler
Çalışmanın
Amacı:
Farklı yükseltilerdeki iki farklı göknar ormanının odunsu türlerinin
kompoziyonunun, vejetasyon yapısının, yağış ve sıcaklık parametreleri
bakımından incelenmesi ve bazı biyom-iklim özelliklerini tartışmak.
Çalışma
Alanı: Alan
örneklemesi, Meksika’nın batı Jalisco kentinde iki yükseklik aralığında (Laguna
Juanacatlan and Cerro La Bufa) seçilmiş yirmi farklı Abies ormanında
yapılmıştır.
Materyal
ve Yöntem:
Doğrusal regresyonlar kullanılarak, iklim ve göknar ormanlarının yapısı
arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Küme ve gösterge türlerinin
analizleri ile tamamlanan bitki örtüsünün yapısı incelenmiştir.
Sonuçlar: 67
türe ait toplam 2378 birey kaydedilmiş olup, tür zenginliği ve Shannon
indeksine göre bölgeler arasında farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Kümeleme analizi üç
orman türü önermektedir: yüksek dağ ormanı, karışık göknar yüksek dağ ormanı ve
göknar ormanı. Göknar bazal alanı ve bolluğu bölgeler arasında farklılıklar
göstermiştir. Bir J-şekilli desenin işaret ettiği düşük stok ve yüksek sayıda
kanopi bireyini gösteren Cerro La Bufa’nın alt kısımları haricinde, ters
J-şekilli boyut dağılım modeli bulunmuştur.
Önemli
vurgular: Düşük
sıcaklıklar ve yükselti gradyanları boyunca artan kış yağışları, Meksika göknar
ormanları için iyi bir yaşam alanı sağlamaktadır.
Vegetation Structure, Classification and Climatic Characteristics in Temperate-like Mountain Forests Dominated by Abies jaliscana in Western Mexico
Aim
of study:
Examine patterns in woody species composition, vegetation structure,
precipitation and temperature parameters over two fir forest elevation ranges
and to discuss some biome-climate characteristics.
Area
of Study:
Field sampling was conducted in 20 Abies
forest sites over two elevation ranges (Laguna Juanacatlan and Cerro La Bufa)
in western Jalisco, Mexico.
Material
and Methods: Using linear regressions, relationships between climate and
fir forest structure were inferred. We examined vegetation structure
complemented by cluster and indicator species analyses.
Main
results: A
total of 2378 stems belonging to 67 species were recorded, species richness and
Shannon index were not different between localities. Cluster analysis suggest
three forest types: upper montane cloud forest (UMCF), mixed fir-UMCF and fir
forest. Fir basal area and abundance showed differences between localities.
Reverse J-shaped size distribution pattern was found, except in the Cerro La
Bufa lower belt, where a J-shaped pattern indicates low recruitment and high
number of canopy individuals.
Highlights: The
lower temperatures and increase in winter rainfall along the elevational
gradient, enable an auspicious habitat for western Mexican fir forests.
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