Meksika'nın Batısındaki Abies jaliscana'nın Egemen Olduğu Ilıman Ormanların Bitki Örtüsü Yapısı, Sınıflandırılması ve İklimsel Özellikleri
Çalışmanın Amacı: Farklı yükseltilerdeki iki farklı göknar ormanının odunsu türlerinin kompoziyonunun, vejetasyon yapısının, yağış ve sıcaklık parametreleri bakımından incelenmesi ve bazı biyom-iklim özelliklerini tartışmak. Çalışma Alanı: Alan örneklemesi, Meksika’nın batı Jalisco kentinde iki yükseklik aralığında (Laguna Juanacatlan and Cerro La Bufa) seçilmiş yirmi farklı Abies ormanında yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Yöntem: Doğrusal regresyonlar kullanılarak, iklim ve göknar ormanlarının yapısı arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Küme ve gösterge türlerinin analizleri ile tamamlanan bitki örtüsünün yapısı incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar: 67 türe ait toplam 2378 birey kaydedilmiş olup, tür zenginliği ve Shannon indeksine göre bölgeler arasında farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Kümeleme analizi üç orman türü önermektedir: yüksek dağ ormanı, karışık göknar yüksek dağ ormanı ve göknar ormanı. Göknar bazal alanı ve bolluğu bölgeler arasında farklılıklar göstermiştir. Bir J-şekilli desenin işaret ettiği düşük stok ve yüksek sayıda kanopi bireyini gösteren Cerro La Bufa’nın alt kısımları haricinde, ters J-şekilli boyut dağılım modeli bulunmuştur. Önemli vurgular: Düşük sıcaklıklar ve yükselti gradyanları boyunca artan kış yağışları, Meksika göknar ormanları için iyi bir yaşam alanı sağlamaktadır.
Vegetation Structure, Classification and Climatic Characteristics in Temperate-like Mountain Forests Dominated by Abies jaliscana in Western Mexico
Aim of study: Examine patterns in woody species composition, vegetation structure, precipitation and temperature parameters over two fir forest elevation ranges and to discuss some biome-climate characteristics.Area of Study: Field sampling was conducted in 20 Abies forest sites over two elevation ranges (Laguna Juanacatlan and Cerro La Bufa) in western Jalisco, Mexico.Material and Methods: Using linear regressions, relationships between climate and fir forest structure were inferred. We examined vegetation structure complemented by cluster and indicator species analyses.Main results: A total of 2378 stems belonging to 67 species were recorded, species richness and Shannon index were not different between localities. Cluster analysis suggest three forest types: uppermontane cloud forest (UMCF), mixed fir-UMCF and fir forest. Fir basal area and abundance showed differences between localities. Reverse J-shaped size distribution pattern was found, except in the Cerro La Bufa lower belt, where a J-shaped pattern indicates low recruitment and high number of canopy individuals.Highlights: The lower temperatures and increase in winter rainfall along the elevational gradient, enable an auspicious habitat for western Mexican fir forests
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