UKRAYNA-RUSYA SAVAŞI’NI REALİST VE SOSYAL İNŞACI (KONSTRÜKTİVİST) TEORİK ÇERÇEVEDE ANALİZ ETMEK

Rusya’nın Ukrayna’yı işgaliyle ortaya çıkan savaşın nedenlerini tarihsel kökenleriyle araştıran bu çalışma, uluslararası politikanın iki önemli teorik perspektifinden yararlanmıştır. Neorealist ve Sosyal İnşacı teorileri kullanan bu makale, birbirine zıt sonuçlara ulaşan farklı teorilerle savaşın nedenlerini açıklamaktadır. Tarihsel olarak Ukrayna ve Rusya tarih anlatılarının farklılığını ve gerilimlerini gösteren bu çalışma, milliyetçi söylemlerin nasıl farklı tarihler oluşturdu-ğunu göstermektedir. Birbirine karşıt olarak gelişmiş iki farklı milliyetçi tarih söylemi savaşı yaratan tarihsel yapısal koşullardan birisidir. Bu makale Neorealist perspektiften NATO ve Batılı ülkelerin kışkırtmalarının Rusya’yı savaşa sürüklediğini belirtmektedir. Bir diğer yandan ise bu çalışma, Konstrüktivist perspektiften Putin yönetiminin subjektif güvenlik algısıyla savaş alternatifini seçtiğini ve savaşın ortaya çıkmasından aktör bağlamında sorumlu olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Sosyal yapı ve Aktör odaklı iki farklı perspektiften savaşın sebeplerini araştıran bu çalışma, sosyal gerçekliğin iki boyutunu da anlama girişiminde açıklamalar getirdiği için özgün bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Neorealizim, Konstruktivizm, Rusya, Ukrayna, Tarihsel Hikâye.

ANALYSING THE UKRAINE-RUSSIA WAR IN A REALIST AND CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This study, which investigates the causes of the war through its historical roots that emerged with the Russian inva-sion of Ukraine has benefited from two important theoretical perspectives of international politics. Applying Neorea-list and Social Constructivist theories, this article explains the causes of war with different theories that reach contra-dictory results. This study showing the differences and tensions of the historical narratives of Ukraine and Russia, demostrates how nationalist discourses create different histories. Two different nationalist historical discourses deve-loped in contrast to each other are one of the historical structural conditions that created the war. This article states that from a Neorealist perspective, the provocations of NATO and Western countries dragged Russia into the war. On the other hand, this study emphasizes that from a Constructivist perspective, the Putin administration chose the war alternative through a subjective security perception and that the administration is responsible for the outbreak of the war in the context of the agency. This study, which investigates the causes of war from two different perspectives focused on social structure and agency, offers a unique perspective as it attempts to understand both dimensions of social reality.

Keywords:

Neorealism, Constructivism, Russia, Ukraine, Historical Narrative.,

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