Kahramanmaras Sehir Merkezindeki Aktar’larda Bulunan Tıbbi Bitkiler

Tıbbi bitkilerin kullanımıyla ilgili bilgi toplamak amacıyla Kahramanmaras ilinde gerçeklestirilen etnobotanik amaçlı bu çalısma, sehir merkezinde bulunan 17 aktara anket uygulanarak gerçeklestirilmistir. Yapılan anket ile aktarlarda satılan bitkilerin latince isimleri, yerel isimleri, kullanılan kısımları, tıbbi kullanımları, bitkilerin hazırlanısları arastırılmıstır. Arastırmaya göre 178 adet bitkiden 14 adedi Asteraceae, 12 adedi Fabaceae, 11 adedi Lamiaceae, 9 adedi Rosaceae ve 9 adedi Apiaceae familyalarına aittir. Bitkilerin büyük çoğunluğu Türkiye’deki farklı yörelerden sağlanmıs olup (yaklasık % 84), bunların da büyük bir kısmı doğal floradan toplanmıstır. Aktarlarda satılan bitkiler genel olarak sindirim sistemi (49 bitki), idrar yolları (34 bitki), solunum (20 bitki), seker (14 bitki), kalp-damar ve kolesterol (9 bitki) hastalıklarında ve yatıstırıcı olarak (9 bitki) kullanılmaktadır. Bitkilerle tedavinin çoğunlukla bitkilerin tek olarak kullanılması ile gerçeklestirildiği, bununla birlikte bitkilerin karısımlar seklinde de önerildiği tespit edilmistir. Genel olarak kaydedilen bitki türleri bölge halkı tarafından bilinmektedir. Aktarlardan toplanan yerel etnobotanik bilgiler ve ilgili literatürler karsılastırılmıs ve ishal, kusma, bulantı, pisik, el bakımı, romatizma, bel kayması ve sinüzit için Kahramanmaras’da kullanılan altı farklı karısım yeni bilgi olarak sunulmustur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aktar, etnobotanik, anket, tıbbi bitkiler, Kahramanmaras

The Medicinal Plants found in the Local Herbal Markets in the city of Kahramanmaras in Turkey

This study was carried out with the assistance of 17 traditional medicinal plant holders in city center using a questionnaire. Information regarding latin name, public name, part(s) used, medicinal uses, preparations of plants were collected with this quasionnaire. According to survey 178 plant taxa were members of Asteraceae (14 taxa), Fabaceae (12 taxa), Lamiaceae (11 taxa), Rosaceae (9 taxa) and Apiaceae (9 taxa). The majority of the plants are obtained from Turkey (about 84%) and most of them are collected from native flora. The highest number of taxa were used for gastrointestinal (49 plants), the diuretic (34 plants), respiratory (20 plants), diabetic (14 plants), cardiovascular-cholesterol (9 plants) disorders and as sedative (9 plants). Most of the remedies were prepared from single-species plants. However some mixtures were proposed by health-care practitioner. Generally, recorded plant species are known in folk medicine by local. The comparison of the collected folk phytotherapeutical data and ethnobotanical literatures showed that 6 different mixtures used in Kahramanmaras for diarrhea, vomit, nausea, rash, corn, hand care, rheumatism, slipped disk and sinusitis were reported as new information.

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