Kaiqi LIAN, Mingliang ZHANG, Lingling ZHOU, Yuwei SONG, Xianjun GUAN

Screening of Chinese Medicinal Herbs for Anthelmintic Efficacy Against Gyrodactylus kobayashii (Monogenea) in Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Monogenean infection can cause high mortality and significant financial losses in commercially farmed fish. Existing chemical drugs for the treatment of such infections often have serious drawbacks. In order to find alternative agents of chemical drugs, fourteen medicinal plants were tested for their in vivo anthelmintic activity against Gyrodactylus kobayashii in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Ethanol extracts of Evodia rutaecarpa, Cnidium monnieri and Sophora flavescens had 100% anthelmintic efficacy at low concentrations (100, 100 and 300 mg/L, respectively), after 48 h of exposure. The ethyl acetate extract of C. monnieri was the most effective, with an EC50 value of 11.0 mg/L, after 48 h of exposure, showing 100% anthelmintic efficacy against G. kobayashii at 50.0 mg/L. Higher anthelmintic activity was also observed for remaining extracts of C. monnieri and E.rutaecarpa except for the water extracts of the two plants. The ethyl acetate extract of C. monnieri had the highest therapeutic index (TI, LC50/ EC50) value of 31.8, and the lowest EC50, which indicates that this extract was the safest to goldfish among all extracts. For the remaining extracts of C. monnieri and E. rutaecarpa, the 48-h LC50 values were about 10-fold higher than the corresponding EC50 values. This result indicates these extracts have low toxicity in goldfish. The ethyl acetate extract of C. monnieri was the most effective and the safest among the tested extracts. Therefore, the two plants are expected to be alternative agents to control monogenean infection.

Japon Balıklarında (Carassius auratus) Gyrodactylus kobayashii’ye (Monogenea) Karşı Çin Şifalı Otlarının Anthelmintik Etkinliklerinin İncelenmesi

Monogenean enfeksiyonları, ticari olarak yetiştirilen balıklarda yüksek mortalite ve önemli finansal kayıplara neden olabilir. Bu tür enfeksiyonların tedavisi için mevcut kimyasal ilaçların genellikle ciddi dezavantajları vardır. Kimyasal ilaçların alternatif ajanlarını belirleyebilmek için on dört şifalı bitki, akvaryum balığındaki (Carassius auratus) Gyrodactylus kobayashii’ye karşı in vivo antelmintik aktiviteleri açısından test edildi. Evodiarutaecarpa, Cnidium monnieri ve Sophora flavescens’in etanol özleri, 48 saat maruziyetten sonra düşük konsantrasyonlarda (sırasıyla 100, 100 ve 300 mg/L) %100 antelmintik etkinliğe sahipti. C. monnieri’nin etil asetat özütü, 48 saat maruziyetten sonra EC50 değeri 11.0 mg/L ile en etkili olanıydı ve 50.0 mg/L’de G. kobayashii’ye karşı %100 antelmintik etkinlik gösterdi. C. monnieri ve E. rutaecarpa’nın su özütleri dışındaki özütleri için de daha yüksek antelmintik aktivite gözlemlendi. C. monnieri’nin etil asetat ekstresi, en yüksek terapötik indeks (TI, LC50/EC50) değeri 31.8 ve en düşük EC50’ye sahipti, ve bu bulgu bu ekstraktın tüm ekstraktlar arasında akvaryum balığı için en güvenli olduğunu gösterdi. C. monnieri ve E.rutaecarpa’nın geri kalan ekstraktları için 48 saatlik LC50 değerleri, ilgili EC50 değerlerinden yaklaşık 10 kat daha yüksekti. Bu sonuç, bu ekstraktların Japon balıklarında düşük toksisiteye sahip olduğunu gösterdi. C. monnieri’nin etil asetat özütü, test edilen özütler arasında en etkili ve en güvenliolanıydı. Bu nedenle, iki bitki Monogenean enfeksiyonlarının kontrolünde alternatif ajanlar olabilir.

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