Prevalence of subclinical paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in Uşak region

Paratuberküloz, Mycobacterium avium subs. paratuberculosis’in etken olduğu, ruminantların yangısal ve ölümcül bir hastalığıdır. Enfeksiyon, kronik “subklinik” evre ile karakterizedir. Bu dönemdeki sığırlar sürüdeki diğer hayvanları enfekte edebilir. Türkiye’de paratuberküloz’un varlığı uzun yıllardır bilinmesine rağmen, hastalık ve hastalığın prevalansı üzerine yürütülmüş bilimsel çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Uşak yöresi süt sığırlarında hastalığın prevalansı üzerine gerçekleştirilmiş bilinen bir bilimsel rapor ise mevcut değildir. Bu çalışmada, yoğun olarak süt sığırı yetiştiriciliği yapılan Uşak yöresinde subklinik paratuberküloz’un prevalansının ortaya konulması amaçlandı. Araştırma, optimal süt verimine ve optimal vücut kondüsyon skoruna sahip, klinik olarak sağlıklı, 3-7 yaşlı 200 Holştayn süt sığırı üzerinde yürütüldü. Etken, dışkı ve süt örneklerinde direk bakterioskopi tekniği ve pozitif bulunan örneklerde ise kültür ve Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (Outer ve Nested) teknikleri kullanılarak tespit edildi. Uşak yöresi süt sığırlarında subklinik paratuberküloz’un prevalansı, dışkı örneklerinde; Ziehl-Neelsen boyama ile %17, Outer Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu tekniği ile %9.5, Nested Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu tekniği ile %20, Bakteriyolojik Kültür sonuçlarına göre %4, süt örneklerinde ise; Ziehl-Neelsen boyama ile %15.5, Outer Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu tekniği ile %5.5, Nested Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu tekniği ile %17.5 ve Bakteriyolojik Kültür sonuçlarına göre %2.5 olarak tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Uşak, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Türkiye, semptomatik olmayan enfeksiyonlar, sığır, klinik görünüm, süt sığırı, teşhis, tanı teknikleri, hastalık yaygınlığı, epidemiyoloji, dışkı, süt, süt bileşimi, süt kalitesi, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu

Uşak yöresi sütçü sığırlarda subklinik paratuberkülozun prevalansı

Paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subs. paratuberculosis a chronic, inflammatory and fatal disease of ruminants. The infection is characterized by chronic “subclinic” phase. Cattle in this phase is capable of infecting other animals in the herd. Although the presence of paratuberculosis has been known, the scientific studies on the disease and the prevalence appears to be scarced in Turkey. Thus, there is no scientific report on prevalence of the disease in dairy cattle in Uşak region. In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of subclinic paratuberculosis in dairy cattle farming in Uşak region in Turkey. In the study a total of 200 Holstein dairy cattle aged between 3-7 years clinically healthy with optimum milk yield and body condition score were used. The MAP were identified in feces and milk samples using direct bacterioscopy technique, and in positive samples by culturing and Polymerase Chain Reaction (outer and nested) techniques. In Uşak region in dairy cattle the prevalence of paratuberculosis was determined to be 17% by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, 9.5% by Outer Polymerase Chain Reaction and 20% Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction in feces; 4% according to bacteriologic culture results; 15.5% by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, 5.5% by Outer Polymerase Chain Reaction and 17.5% by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction in milk samples and 2.5% according to bacteriologic culture results.

Keywords:

Usak, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Turkey, asymptomatic infections, cattle, clinical aspects, dairy cattle, diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, disease prevalence, epidemiology, faeces, milk, milk composition, milk quality, polymerase chain reaction,

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