Ebrahim RAHIMI, Hassan MOMTAZ, Maryam HEMMATI

Occurrence of clostridium difficile in raw bovine, ovine, caprine, camel and buffalo milk in Iran

Bu çalışma İran’da çiğ sütlerde Clostridium difficile’nin prevalansını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, rastgele seçilmiş 111 süt çiftliğinden toplanmış sığır (n=135), koyun (n=100), keçi (n=80), manda (n=49) ve deve (n=66) toplam 430 çiğ süt örneği C. difficile’nin varlığını ortaya koymak maksadıyla incelendi. Çalışmada, sığır süt örneklerinden 135’inden sadece 2’sinde (1.43%) C. difficile kontaminasyonu tespit edildi. İki C. difficile suşundan birisi ribotip 078 olarak sınıflandırılan tcdA ve tcdB toksin genine pozitiflik gösterdi. Disk difüzyon testi kullanılarak 11 antimikrobial ilaca karşı izolatların hassasiyetlikleri belirlendi. İzolatların hiçbiri vankomisin, metronidazol, kloramfenikol ve tetrasikline karşı dayanıklı değildi. Bilgimiz dahilinde, bu çalışma İran’da sütçü sürülerden ve sığırlardan elde edilen ham süt örneklerinde C. difficile’nin direkt olarak tespit edildiği ilk çalışmadır.

İran’da sığır, koyun, keçi, deve ve manda çiğ sütlerinde clostridium difficile’nin tespiti

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Clostridium difficile in raw milk in Iran. From January to August 2013, a total of 430 raw milk samples from bovine (n=135), ovine (n=100), caprine (n=80), buffalo (n=49) and camel (n=66) were purchased from randomly selected from 111 dairy farm in Iran and were evaluated for the presence of C. difficile. In this study, only 2 of 135 bovine milk samples (1.43%) were contaminated with C. difficile. One of the two C. difficile strains was positive for tcdA and tcdB toxin genes that was classified as ribotype 078. Susceptibilities of isolates were determined for 11 antimicrobial drugs using the disk diffusion assay. None of the isolates was resistant to vancomycin, metronidazole, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of direct identification of C. difficile in bulk milk samples from dairy herds in Iran and the first report of direct identification of C. difficile in bulk milk samples from dairy bovine herds.

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