Kars Yöresinde Sığır ve Köpeklerde Neospora caninum Üzerine Epidemiyolojik Araştırmalar: Gruplararası Çalışma

Çalışma, Mart 2008 ile Haziran 2009 tarihleri arasında, Kars yöresinde sığır ve köpeklerde N. caninum'un yaygınlığını belirlemek ve ithal sığırların girdiği ve hiç girmediği köy grupları arası karşılaştırma yaparak epidemiyolojik olarak risk faktörlerini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışma alanını temsil etmek üzere yurt dışından ithal sığırların girdiği 6 köy (Grup 1) ve girmediği 6 köy (Grup 2) toplam 12 köy rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlendi. N. caninum antikorlarını ortaya koymak için ticari kitler (sığırlar için CI-ELISA, köpekler için IFAT) kullanıldı. Köpek dışkı örneklerinin muayenesinde ise direkt natif dışkı ve Sheather'in şekerli su ile flotasyon teknikleri kullanıldı. Veriler Ki kare testi ile değerlendirildi. Kars ilinde CI-ELISA ile N. caninum'un serolojik yaygınlığı, her iki gruptan toplam 1100 sığırda %7.2, Grup 1 köylerden 500 sığırda %9.2 ve Grup 2 köylerden 600 sığırda %4.8 olarak bulundu. Köpeklerde IFAT ile aynı sırayla, 210 köpekte %25.2, 101 köpekte %30.7 ve 109 köpekte %20.2 olarak belirlendi. Hem sığırlarda hem de köpeklerde gruplar arasındaki yaygınlık oranları anlamlı (P

Epidemological Studies upon Neospora caninum in Cattle and Dogs in the Province of Kars,Turkey: A cross-sectional Study

This study was performed in order to establish the prevalence of N. caninum in dogs and cattle in the province of Kars, between March, 2008 and June, 2009. To identify the risk factors epidemiologically, a cross sectional study was made between villages known to have imported cattle breeds and villages with only indigenous cattle. Twelve villages were randomly selected as representative of the study area; six of the villages had imported cattle breeds (Group 1), while the remaining six did not (Group 2). Commercial kits (competitive inhibition ELISA, CI-ELISA for cattle, IFAT for dogs) were used to identify antibodies to N. caninum. Faecal Direct Smear and Sheather's Sugar Flotation techniques were used for the examination of dog faecal samples. The data were evaluated by the chi square test. The CI-ELISA test revealed that the seroprevalence of N. caninum in Kars Province was 7.2% in a total of 1100 cattle from both groups of villages; 9.2% in 600 cattle from Group 1 villages and 4.8% in 500 cattle from Group 2 villages. The seroprevalence in dogs as determined by IFAT was 25.2% in a total of 210 dogs while it was 30.7% in 101 dogs from Group 1 villages, it was 20.2% in 109 dogs from Group 2. In both cattle and dogs, the differences in seroprevalence between in the Group 1 and 2 villages were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Seroprevalence was significantly (P<0.05) higher in older animals, both cattle and dogs, than in younger animals. Faecal examination revealed N. caninum-like oocysts in 10 (8.0%) out of a total of 125 dogs examined. These results indicate that postnatal infections develop in dogs and cattle in Kars Province, and that dogs are a potential risk factor in neosporosis in cattle. Moreover, as a result of the higher levels of seroprevalence found in dogs and cattle in the villages which have imported cattle breeds, these villages have been identified as a risk group.

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