BEGÜM YURDAKÖK DİKMEN, KORAY TEKİN, MEHMET BORGA TIRPAN, ALİ DAŞKIN, AYHAN FİLAZİ

In Vitro Toxicity of Some Pesticides on Goat and Dog Spermatozoa

Bu çalışmada, bazı pestisitlerin (sipermetrin, flumetrin, propoksur, karbaril, klorprifos, metamidofos) köpek ve teke taze spermaları üzerindeki etkileri, MTT (mitokondriyal etkinlik/canlılık), Nötral Kırmızı-NK (lizozomal etkinlik/canlılık) ve Bilgisayar Destekli Semen Analizi-CASA (motilite parametreleri, VCL, VSL, VAP, lineerlik, doğrusallık, yalpalama) kullanılarak in vitro olarak araştırıldı. Teke sperması üzerine canlılık ve motilite bakımından en toksik bileşiğin karbamatlar, ardından organofosfatlar ve piretroitler olduğu; köpek spermasında ise aynı şekilde karbamatların, ardından da piretroitlerin toksik etki gösterdiği tespit edildi. Genel olarak tüm pestisit uygulamalarının teke spermasında hiperaktiviteyi (flumetrin dışında) arttırdığı, köpek spermasında ise azalttığı tespit edildi (karbaril dışında). Tekede VCL, VSL ve VAP parametrelerinde azalma gözlenirken (P0.05). Piretroitler arasında flumetrinin, motilite parametreleri üzerine etkisi sipermetrine göre daha az bulundu. Sonuç olarak üreme toksisite testlerinde (özellikle kozmetik ürünlerin toksisite testlerinde hayvan deneylerinin yasaklandığı göz önünde bulundurularak) alternatif testler arasında bulunan ve batarya testleri içerisinde yer alan in vitro sperm toksisite araştırmalarında; MTT ve CASA ile birlikte NK'nın birlikte kullanılmasının kimyasalların sperma üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesinde daha etkili olacağı ve türe özgü farklılıkların kimyasalların sperma canlılık ve motilite parametrelerini farklı şekil ve düzeyde etkileyeceği, dolayısıyla spermada türe özgü ksenobiyotik moleküler savunma mekanizmalarının araştırılmasının gerekliliği gösterilmiştir

Bazı Pestisitlerin Teke ve Köpek Sperması Üzerine İn Vitro Toksisiteleri

In vitro toxic effects of selected pesticides (cypermethrin, flumethrin, propoxur, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, metamidophos) were evaluated on dog and buck fresh spermatozoa using MTT (mitochondrial activity/viability), NeutralRed-NR (lysosomal activity/viability) and CASA (motility parameters/VCL, VSL, VAP, linearity, straightness, wobble) tests. For buck, the most toxic compounds were carbamates followed by organophosphate and pyrethroids. Carbamates, again induced the highest toxicity in dog sperm, followed by pyrethroids. In general, all pesticide treatments were found to increase the hyperactivity of buck spermatozoa except flumethrin; whereas a decrease was present for dog spermatozoa (except carbaryl). A decrease of VCL, VSL and VAP parameters was evident in buck (P0.05). Overall, flumethrin was found to induce less effect on motility parameters compared to cypermethrin. As a conclusion, the combination of MTT and CASA along with NR would provide more accurate data for the in vitro evaluation of chemicals on spermatozoa; where alternative testing strategies for the ReproTox tests (especially for cosmetic product safety assessment where animal testing is banned) are recommended nowadays with battery strategies and species specific differences would play a key role for understanding the defense mechanisms

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