EVREN KOÇ, Muhitdin YILMAZ, YUSUF ERSAN, ALİ ALAŞ

Hekzavalent kromun capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1773) ve squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) üzerine olan etkisinin histopatolojik ve elektroforetik yöntemlerle saptanması

Çalışmada, Kars Çayı’ndan yakalanan Siraz balığı (Capoeta capoeta) ve Tatlısu kefali (Squalius cephalus) üzerine hekzavalent kromun (CrVI) (potasyum dikromat olarak) etkileri histopatolojik ve elektroforetik yöntemlerle incelendi. Balıklar çeşme suyunda 10 gün süreyle bekletilerek ortama adaptasyonları sağlandı. Daha sonra, her bir balık türü için her grupta 10’ar adet olmak üzere 3 grup oluşturuldu. I. gruptaki (kontrol) balıklar çeşme suyu içeren tankta, II. gruptaki balıklar 10 gün süreyle, III. gruptaki balıklar ise 20 gün süreyle 10 mg/L dozunda CrVI içeren tanklarda bekletildi. Bu süre sonunda, balıklardan kan ve doku örnekleri alındı, daha sonra analizler yapıldı. Histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda CrVI’a maruz kalan Capoeta capoeta ve Squalius cephalus’ların karaciğer dokularında fokal nekroz alanları, hidropik ve vakuolar dejenerasyonlar tespit edildi. Bu dejenerasyonların şiddetinin hekzavalent kroma maruz kalma süresiyle artış gösterdiği gözlemlendi. Serum proteinlerinin SDS- PAGE’inde ise 10 gün süreyle CrVI uygulamasına bağlı olarak Capoeta capoeta’nın bazı protein bantlarında hafif kalınlaşma olduğu, Squalius cephalus’un protein bantlarında ise belirgin bir değişikliğin şekillenmediği saptandı. Hekzavalent kromun 20 gün süreyle uygulandığı Capoeta capoeta’nın birçok protein bantlarında incelmede, bazı protein bantlarında ise belirgin derecede kalınlaşmalar gözlendi. Squalius cephalus’da ise bazı protein bantlarında hafif derecede kalınlaşma meydana geldiği tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak; potasyum dikromat uygulamasının zamana bağlı olarak artan derecelerde Capoeta capoeta ve Squalius cephalus karaciğer dokularında ve protein ekspresyonlarında bozulmalara neden olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

Detection of the of effects of hexavalent chromium by histopathological and electrophoretic methods on capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt 1773) and squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758)

In this study, effects of hexavalent chromium (CrVI) (as potassium dichromate) on Capoeta capoeta and Squalius cephalus obtained from Kars Creek were investigated by histopathological and electrophoretic methods. Fish were adapted into the medium for 10 days. Then three groups were made in which for each fish species ten fish were included. The fish in the 1st group were held in normal water, 2nd and 3rd groups were held in the water containing 10 mg/L CrVI, respectively for 10 and 20 days. At the end of this period, tissue and blood samples were taken. These samples were analyzed subsequently. After histopathological examination occasional necrosis, hydropic and vacuolar degenerations in liver of the fish were found which were exposure to 10 mg/L CrVI. An increase in the level of degeneration was observed in the livers tissues of the experimental fish groups in parallel to the increase of the duration. In SDS-PAGE of serum proteins, compared to control, slight thickening of some protein bands were detected in the Capoeta capoeta exposed to CrVI for 10 days. There were no significant changes in protein bands of Squalius cephalus. Thinning of some protein bands and a significant thickening of some protein bands in the Capoeta capoeta. Slight thickening of some protein bands were detected in the Squalius cephalus exposed to hexavalent chromium for 20 days. In exposure to depending on the time of hexavalent chromium on Capoeta capoeta and Squalius cephalus, it is concluded that liver tissue and serum protein expressions of these fish were increasingly degenerated.

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