EVRİM DERELİ FİDAN, AHMET NAZLIGÜL, MEHMET KENAN TÜRKYILMAZ, SOLMAZ KARAARSLAN, MEHMET KAYA

Etlik piliçlerde Fotoperiyot Uzunluğu ve Işık Şiddetinin Performans, Karkas Özellikleri ve Heterofil/Lenfosit Oranı Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışmanın amacı fotoperiyot uzunluğu ve ışık şiddetinin etlik piliçlerde performans, karkas özellikleri ve heterofil/lenfosit oranı üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Bir günlük yaşta toplam 272 adet (Ross 308) erkek civcivler fotoperiyot uzunluğu (23A:1K veya giderek artan aydınlık süre) ve ışık şiddeti (20 lüks veya giderek azalan ışık şiddeti) faktörlerine göre dört gruba, dört tekrarlı olacak şekilde rastgele olarak dağıtılmıştır. Kırkiki günlük yaşta, performans özellikleri üzerine, fotoperiyot uzunluğu ve ışık şiddetinin etkileri önemsiz bulunmuştur. Yirmi lüks ve giderek azalan ışık şiddeti gruplarında, heterofil/lenfosit oranı sırasıyla 0.30 ve 0.15 olarak bulunmuş olup, gruplar arası farklar istatistik bakımdan önemli (P

Effects of Photoperiod Length and Light Intensity on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Heterophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Broilers

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of photoperiod length and light intensity on performance, carcass characteristics and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in broilers. A total of 272 1 day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups based on the photoperiod length (23L:1D or increasing duration of light) and light intensity (20 lux vs. a dim, reducing intensity) with four replicates. At 42 d of age, effects of photoperiod length and light intensity on performance traits were not significant. The heterophil/lymphocyte ratio in 20 lux and dim, reducing light intensity groups were 0.30 and 0.15 (P<0.001), respectively. On the other hand, the effect of light intensity has no influence on heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Cold and hot carcass weights and whole breast meat and wing weights were found lower in the dim, reducing light intensity group than 20 lux light intensity group. The effects of photoperiod length and light intensity on carcass characteristics were not significant, statistically. In conclusion, it can be said that body weight, feed consumption, feed convertion ratio, whole breast meat and wing weights were increased by providing the increasing photoperiod used with a 20 lux light intensity in broiler breeding.

PDF

___

1. Deep A, Schwean-Lardner K, Crowe TG, Fancher BI, Classen HL: Effect of light intensity on broiler production, processing characteristics and welfare. Poult Sci, 89, 2326-2333, 2010. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00964
2. Ahmad F, Haq AU, Ashraf M, Abbas G, Siddiqui MZ: Effect of different light intensities on the production performance of broiler chickens. Pak Vet J, 31, 203-206, 2011.
3. Olanrewaju HA, Miller WW, Maslin WR, Collier SD, Purswell JL, Branton SL: Influence of photoperiod, light intensity and their interaction on health indices of modern broilers grown to heavy weights. Int J Poult Sci, 14, 183-190, 2015. DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.183.190
4. Downs KM, Lien RJ, Hess JB, Bilgili SF, Dozier WA: The effects of photoperiod length, light intensity and feed energy on growth responses and meat yield of broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 15, 406-416, 2006. DOI: 10.1093/japr/15.3.406
5. Schwean-Lardner K, Fancher BI, Classen HL: Impact of day length on the productivity of two commercial broiler strains. Br Poult Sci, 53, 7- 18, 2012. DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2012.659652
6. Campo JL, Davila SG: Effect of photoperiod on heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and tonic immobility duration of chickens. Poult Sci, 81, 1637-1639, 2002. DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.11.1637
7. Kliger CA, Gehad AE, Hulet RM, Roush WB, Lillehoj HS, Mashaly MM: Effect of photoperiod and melatonin on lymphocyte activities in male broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 79, 18-25, 2000. DOI: 10.1093/ps/79.1.18
8. EU: Laying down minimum rules for the protection of chickens kept for meat production. EUCD 2007/43/EC 28 June. O J L, 182, 19-28, 2007.
9. Rahimi G, Rezaei M, Hafezian H, Saiyahzadeh H: The effect of intermittent lighting schedule on broiler performance. Int J Poult Sci, 4, 396-398, 2005.
10. Kristensen HH, Perry GC, Prescott NB, Ladewig J, Ersboll AK, Wathes CW: Leg health and performance of broiler chickens reared in different light environments. Br Poult Sci, 47, 257-263, 2006. DOI: 10.1080/00071660600753557
11. Lien RJ, Hess JB, McKee SR, Bilgili SF, Townsend JC: Impact of light intensity and photoperiod on live performance, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and processing yields of broilers. Poult Sci, 86, 1287-1293, 2007. DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.7.1287
12. Blatchford RA, Klasing KC, Shivaprasad HL, Wakenell PS, Archerand GS, Mench JA: The effect of light intensity on the behavior, eye and leg health and immune function of broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 88, 20-28, 2009. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00177
13. Lien RJ, Hess JB, McKee SR, Bilgili SF: Effect of light intensity on live performance and processing characteristics of broilers. Poult Sci, 87, 853-857, 2008. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00277
14. Gross WB, Siegel HS: Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. Avian Dis, 27, 972-979, 1983. DOI: 10.2307/1590198
15. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences. SPSS base 22.0 user's guide, IBM United States Software Announcement, 213-309, August 13, 2013.
16. Duncan DB: Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42, 1955. DOI: 10.2307/3001478
17. Renden JA, Bilgili SF, Kincaid SA: Research Note: Comparison of restricted and increasing light programs for male broiler performance and carcass yield. Poult Sci 72, 378-382, 1993. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0720378
18. Lott BD, Branton SL, May JD: The effect of photoperiod and nutrition on ascites incidence in broilers. Avian Dis, 40, 788-791, 1996. DOI: 10.2307/1592299
19. Lien RJ, Hooie LB, Hess JB: Influence of long- bright and ıncreasingdim photoperiods on live and processing performance of two broiler strains. Poult Sci, 88, 896-903, 2009. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00309
20. Renden JA, Moran Jr ET, Kincaid SA: Lighting programs for broilers that reduce leg problems without loss of performance or yield. Poult Sci, 75, 1345-1350, 1996. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0751345
21. Çoban O, Lacin E, Genç M: The effect of photoperiod length on performance parameters, carcass characteristics and heterophil/ lymphocyte-ratio in broilers. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 20, 863-870, 2014. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2014.11186
22. Schwean-Lardner K, Classen HL, Fancher BI: Daylength effects on production traits of modern broilers. Poult Sci, 85 (Suppl. 1): 169, 2006.
23. Schwean-Lardner K, Fancher BI, Gomis S, Van Kessel A, Dalal S, Classen HL: Effect of day length on cause of mortality, leg health and ocular health in broilers. Poult Sci, 92, 1-11, 2013. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011- 01967
24. Lewis PD, Danisman R, Gous RM: Photoperiodic responses of broilers. I. Growth, feeding behaviour, breast meat yield and testicular growth. Br Poult Sci, 50, 657-666, 2009. DOI: 10.1080/ 00071660903338452
25. Newcombe M, Cartwright AL, Harter-Dennis JM: The effect of increasing photoperiod and food restriction in sexed broiler-type birds. I. Growth and abdominal fat cellularity. Br Poult Sci, 33, 415-425, 1992. DOI: 10.1080/00071669208417479
26. Newberry RC, Hunt JR, Gardiner EE: Influence of light-intensity on behavior and performance of broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 67, 1020-1025, 1988. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0671020
27. Charles RG, Robinson FE, Hardin RT, Yu MW, Feddes J, Classen HL: Growth, body composition and plasma androgen concentration of male broiler chickens subjected to different regimens of photoperiod and light intensity. Poult Sci, 71, 1595-1605, 1992. doi: 10.3382/ps.0711595
28. Buyse J, Simons PCM, Boshouwers FMG, Decuypere E: Effect of intermittent lighting, light intensity and source on the performance and welfare of broilers. World's Poult Sci J, 52, 121-130, 1996. DOI: 10.1079/ WPS19960012
29. Deaton JW, Lott BD, Branton SL, Simmons JD: Effect of differing light intensities on abdominal fat deposition in broilers. Poult Sci, 67, 1239-1242, 1988. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0671239
30. Siegel PB, Gross WB: General principles of stress and well-being. In, Grandin T (Ed): Livestock Handling and Transport. 27-41, CABI, Wallingford, UK, 2000