İsmail ÇETİN, Hıdır GENÇOĞLU, Çağdaş KARA, Mukaddes Merve EFİL, Randy Duncan SHAVER, Erkan ŞEN, Tolga ALTAŞ, Abdülkadir ORMAN, Yavuz MERAL, Elif KOVANLIKAYA

Düşük Nişastalı Rasyonlarla Beslenen Geçiş Dönemindeki İneklerde Amilaz Enziminin Etkisi: 1. Laktasyon Performansı

Bu araştırmanın amacı geçiş dönemindeki ineklerin rasyonlarına amilaz enzimi ilavesinin kuru madde tüketimi ve laktasyon performansı üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Rasyonların nişasta düzeyi kuru madde esasına göre kuru dönemdeki hayvanlar için %15.5, laktasyon dönemindekiler için ise %19.5 olarak tespit edildi. Araştırmada birden fazla doğum yapmış 30 baş siyah alaca ırkı inekler rastgele amilaz (n=15) ve kontrol (n=15) gruplarına dağıtıldı. Araştırma kontrol ve amilaz (0.5 g Ronozyme RumiStar/kg toplam karma rasyon kuru madde) grupları şeklinde oluşturuldu. Deneme doğumdan önceki 21 gün ile doğumdan sonraki 84. günler arasında yürütüldü. Kuruda bulunan kontrol ve amilaz grubundaki rasyonların nişasta ve nötral deterjant fiber (NDF) içerikleri sırasıyla %15.5±0.5 ve %15.7±0.9 ile %42.6±1.1 ve %43.4±1.2 iken laktasyondakilerde ise %19.8±2.9 ve %19.4±0.5 ile %33.6±0.8 and %34.2±0.6 arasında tespit edildi. Doğum sonrası kuru madde tüketimi, organic madde, NDF, ham protein, nişasta düzeyleri bakımından gruplar arasında bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Süt verimi uygulamadan etkilenmedi ancak sayısal olarak amilaz ile beslenen ineklerde 2 kg/ gün daha fazla süt elde edildi. Süt yağı, proteini ve laktoz düzeyleri denemeden etkilenmedi, ancak yağa, katı maddeye ve enerjiye gore düzeltilmiş süt verimleri amilaz ile beslenen ineklerde 2 kg/gün daha fazla süt üretildi. Yağa, katı maddeye ve enerjiye gore düzeltilmiş süt verimlerinin yeme dönüşüm oranları (kg/kg kuru madde tüketimi) amilaz ile beslenen ineklerde kontrol grubuna gore %5-6 daha yüksek bulundu. Sonuç olarak düşük nişasta içeriğine sahip rasyonlarla beslenen geçiş dönemindeki ineklerde amilaz enzimi ilavesinin yemden yararlanmayı iyileştirdiği, süt veriminde potansiyal bir artış sağlayabileceği; ancak kuru madde tüketimini etkilemediği tespiti yapılmıştır.

Effects of Exogenous Amylase in Transition Dairy Cows Fed LowStarch Diets: 1. Lactation Performance

The objective of this trial was to determine the effect of exogenous amylase during the transition period in dairy cows on dry matter intake and lactation performance. The effect of exogenous amylase supplementation on lactation diets with low starch concentration (19.5% of dry matter) and dry period diets with moderate starch concentration (15.5% of dry matter) was evaluated. A total of 30 multiparus Holstein cows were randomly assigned to two groups fed diets with (n=15) or without amylase (n=15). Treatments were granular amylase (0.5 g of Ronozyme RumiStar per kg of total mixed ration dry matter) or control. The research was conducted starting at 21 d prepartum until 84 d postpartum. Starch and neutral detergent fiber concentrations averaged 15.5±0.5% and 15.7±0.9%, 42.6±1.1% and 43.4±1.2% in close up diets and 19.8±2.9% and 19.4±0.5%, 33.6±0.8% and 34.2±0.6% in lactation diets for control and amylase, respectively. Dry matter intake, milk yield and composition were evaluated for differences between treatments. Postpartum intakes of dry matter (DMI) and organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP), and starch intake were unaffected by treatment. Milk yield was not influenced by treatment, but numerically greater by 2.0 kg/d for cows fed amylase compared with control diet. The percentages of milk fat, protein and lactose were not impressed by treatment, however fat-, solid-, and energy-corrected milk were 2 kg/d greater for cows fed amylase diet than for cows fed control diet. Fat-, solid-, and energy-corrected milk feed conversions (kg/kg DMI) were 5 to 6% greater for cows fed amylase diet than for cows fed control diet (P

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