Ameer Hamza RABBANI, Yasir Razzaq KHAN, Omer NASEER, Kashif HUSSAIN, Ahmad ALI, Abdul WAHEED, Muhammad SHAHID, Hareem AFZAL

Comparative Efficacy of Yohimbine and Tolazoline for Antagonism of Ketamine-Xylazine Induced Sedation in Captive Wild Felids

This study was conducted to investigate the comparative efficacy of yohimbine and tolazoline for antagonism of ketamine-xylazine inducedsedation in captive wild felids in Pakistan. It included 16 tigers (Panthera tigris), 22 lions (Panthera leo) and 16 leopards (Panthera pardus), agedbetween 2-10 years, weighing approximately 190.6±12.4 kg, 161.6±16.6 kg, and 50.5±6.9 kg respectively. A total of 54 anesthetic inductionswere carried out on clinical patients from all species dividing them into two groups KX-T and KX-Y receiving 0.15 mg/kg tolazoline and 0.15 mg/kg yohimbine as antagonists, respectively. Body temperature, pulse and respiration rate (TPR) were recorded at ten-minute intervals for thirtyminutes in either groups. These physiological norms diff ered significantly only in Tigers at 10min and 20min intervals. Furthermore, onset ofarousal and recovery time in animals receiving yohimbine was evidently shorter, ranging between 2.8±0.76 to 8.42±0.33 min. ALT, AST, Ureaand Creatinine were significantly elevated in groups administered with Tolazoline when compared to Yohimbine as well. Hence, yohimbine atdescribed dosage eff ectively antagonized ketamine and xylazine anesthesia by significant reduction in reversal times for all the species underconsideration, bearing nominal deleterious eff ects on physiological, hepatic and renal parameters. So, this study concludes yohimbine to be asuperior antagonist for ketamine-xylazine anesthetic reversal than tolazoline.

Kafeste Tutulan Yabani Kedigillerde Ketamin-Ksilazin İle İndüklenen Sedasyon Antagonizmi İçin Yohimbin ve Tolazolinin Karşılaştırmalı Etkinliği

Bu çalışma, Pakistan’da kafeste tutulan yabani kedigillerde ketamin-ksilazin kaynaklı sedasyon antagonizmi için yohimbin ve tolazolinin karşılaştırmalı etkinliğinin araştırılması için yapıldı. Çalışmada, yaşları 2 ile 10 arası değişen 190.6±12.4 kg ağırlığında 16 kaplan (Panthera tigris), 161.6±16.6 kg ağırlığında 22 aslan (Panthera leo) ve 50.5±6.9 kg ağırlığında 16 leopar (Panthera pardus) yer aldı. Tüm hayvan türlerinden klinik hastalara toplam 54 anestezik indüksiyonu gerçekleştirildi ve antagonist olarak sırasıyla 0.15 mg/kg tolazolin ve 0.15 mg/kg yohimbin verilerek KX-T ve KX-Y adlı iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki gruptaki hayvanların vücut ısısı, nabız ve solunum sayıları (TPR) on dakika aralıklarla otuz dakika süreyle kaydedildi. Bu fizyolojik normlar, yalnızca kaplanlarda 10. dakika ve 20. dakikada önemli ölçüde farklılık gösterdi. Ayrıca, yohimbin uygulanan hayvanlarda ayılma ve derlenme süresinin başlaması, 2.8±0.76 ile 8.42±0.33 dakika ile belirgin olarak daha kısaydı. Tolazolin uygulanan grupta ALT, AST, üre ve kreatinin seviyesi, yohimbin ile karşılaştırıldığında önemli ölçüde daha yüksekti. Dolayısı ile, bildirilen dozda yohimbin kullanımı, fizyolojik, hepatik ve renal parametreler üzerinde önemsiz zararlı etkileri ile söz konusu tüm hayvan türlerinin anesteziden uyanma sürelerinde önemli bir azalma sağlayarak ketamin ve ksilazin anestezisini etkili bir şekilde antagonize etti. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, ketamin-ksilazin anestezisinden uyanmada yohimbinin, tolazolinden daha üstün bir antagonist olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

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