Mónica OSORIO, Jorge MIRANDA, Marco GONZÁLEZ, Salim MATTAR

Anaplasma sp., Ehrlichia sp., and Rickettsia sp. in Ticks: A High Risk for Public Health in Ibagué, Colombia

The Order Rickettsiales comprises intracellular bacteria, including Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae; members of these families cause zoonotic diseases transmitted by ticks. The aim of this study was to make a detection of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia in ticks of the Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodidae) family collected from domestic animals in Ibagué, Colombia. Ticks were collected from dogs, horses and cattle, classified taxonomically, and then subjected to DNA extraction. To detect Anaplasma sp., Ehrlichia sp., and Rickettsia sp. we carried out a conventional PCR to detect the gltA gene for Rickettsia, 16S rRNA for Anaplasma and Ehrlichia, and the dsb gene for Ehrlichia. The phylogenetic trees were constructed with the Neighbor-Joining method. A total of 1.247 ticks, mainly R. microplus, R. sanguineus and D. nitens, were collected. Anaplasma and Ehrlichia were detected in thirteen samples. The sequences showed a genetic similarity with E. canis, E. mineirensis, A. phagocytophilum, and A. marginale. No Rickettsia was found. This is the first time that active circulation of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia is demonstrated in Ibagué. Both pathogens are important because can produce economic losses in animals and humans disease. This finding will contribute to the implementation of early epidemiological alerts, as well as the design of measures to prevent and control diseases in the region.

Kenelerde Anaplasma, Ehrlichia ve Rickettsia Türleri: Ibagué, Kolombiya’da Halk Sağlığı Yönünden Yüksek Risk Faktörleri

Rickettsiales takımı, Rickettsiaceae ve Anaplasmataceae’nın da dahil olduğu hücre içi bakterileri içerir; bu ailelerin üyeleri keneler tarafından bulaştırılan zoonotik hastalıklara neden olurlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Colombia, Ibagué’de evcil hayvanlardan toplanan Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodidae) familyasına ait kenelerde Anaplasma, Ehrlichia ve Rickettsia türlerinin varlığını belirlemektir Köpek, at ve sığırlardan toplanan keneler taksonomik olarak sınıflandırıldı ve ardından DNA ekstraksiyonuna tabi tutuldu. Anaplasma, Ehrlichia ve Rickettsia türlerini belirlemek amacıyla, Rickettsia için gltA geni, Anaplasma ve Ehrlichia için 16S rRNA geni ve Ehrlichia için dsb genini tespit edecek konvansiyonel PCR yöntemi kullanıldı. Filogenetik yapılandırma için NJ (Neighbour-Joining) analizi kullanıldı. R. microplus, R. sanguineus ve D. nitens başta olmak üzere toplam 1.247 kene toplandı. On üç örnekte Anaplasma ve Ehrlicha tespit edildi. Sekanslar E. canis, E. mineirensis, A. phagocytophilum ve A. marginale ile genetik bir benzerlik gösterdi. Rickettsia bulunamadı. Bu çalışma ile Ibagué’de Anaplasma ve Ehrlichia’nın aktif sirkülasyonu ilk kez ortaya konuldu. Hayvan ve insan hastalıklarında ekonomik kayıplara neden olabileceğinden dolayı, her iki patojen de önemlidir. Bu bulgu, bölgedeki hastalıkların önlenmesi ve kontrol altına alınmasına yönelik önlemlerin oluşturulmasının yanı sıra, erken epidemiyolojik uyarıların uygulanmasına da katkıda bulunacaktır

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