An epidemiological study on neonatal lamb Health

Bu çalışmada Kars bölgesindeki 4 çiftlikte Mart ile Temmuz 2006 arasında doğan 823 neonatal kuzu incelendi. Sağlık problemleri günlük yapılan ziyaretlerle araştırıcılar tarafından tespit edildi ve sevk-idare uygulamaları ise anket ve bu ziyaretler esnasWnda belirlendi. Morbidite ve mortalite sebepleri klinik ve patolojik olarak belirlendi. Total morbidite oranı %48.6 olarak belirlendi. İshal, topallık, göbek enfeksiyonu, pnömoni, Zayıf Kuzu Sendromu (ZKS), Halsizlik Anoreksi Sendromu (HAS), doğum stresi, abdominal kitle, Zayıf Annelik İçgüdüsü (ZAİ) ve travmadan kaynaklı morbidite oranları sırasıyla %15.4, %5, %4, %3.5, %3.3, %3.3, %2.8, %2.3, %2.2 ve 1%.1 olarak belirlendi. Neonatal mortalite oranW %20.8 olarak belirlendi. ZKS, doğum stresi, abdominal kitle, ishal, HAS, ZAİ ve travmadan kaynaklı mortalite oranları sırasıyla %3.2, %2.8, %2.2, %1.9, %1.7, %1.3 ve %1.1 olarak belirlendi. Nekropsiye göre prematüre doğum, doğum stresi, travma, trikobezoar, açlık, septisemi, omfalitis, klostridiyal infeksiyon ve beyaz kas hastalığının sırasıyla %3.2, %2.7, %2.3, %2.3, %2.2, %1.9, %1.1, %1.2 ve %0.7 oranlarında ölüme yol açtığı belirlendi. Mortalitede non-infeksiyöz nedenler, morbiditede ise enfeksiyöz nedenler daha dominant bulundu (P

Anahtar Kelimeler:

açlık, yavru atma, doğum oranı, doğumsal anomaliler, epidemiyoloji, fetal ölüm, enfeksiyon, kuzu, hastalık oranı, ölüm oranı, kas distrofisi, yenidoğan ölüm oranı, yenidoğan, risk faktörleri

Neonatal kuzu sağlığı üzerine epidemiyolojik bir çalışma

This study involved 823 neonatal lambs born between March and July 2006 on four farms in Kars. Health problems were identified on daily visit by authors and management practices were determined by questionnaire and on these visits. Causes of morbidity and mortality were defined separately based on clinical and pathological findings. The overall morbidity rate was 48.6%. The morbidity rate of diarrhoea, lameness, navel infections, pneumonia, Weak Lamb Syndrome (WLS), Fatigue Anorexia Syndrome (FAS), birth stress, abdominal mass, mismothering and trauma were 15.4%, 5%, 4%, 3.5%, 3.3%, 3.3%, 2.8%, 2.3%, 2.2% and 1.1%, respectively. The proportion of lambs died during neonatal period was 20.8%. The mortality rate for WLS, birth stress, abdominal mass, diarrhoea, FAS, mismothering and trauma were 3.2%, 2.8%, 2.2%, 1.9%, 1.7%, 1.3%, and 1.1%, respectively. According to necropsy, the mortality rates of premature birth, birth stress, trauma, trichobezoar, starvation, septicaemia, omphalitis, clostridial infection and white muscular disease were 3.2%, 2.7%, 2.3%, 2.3%, 2.2%, 1.9%, 1.1%, 1.2% and 0.7%, respectively. Non-infectious reasons were dominant in mortality while infectious reasons were commonly associated with morbidity (P<0.001). Health problems were mainly determined in first two weeks of life apart from respiratory problems and abdominal mass. More than 50% of lamb losses occurred within first week of life. Failure of passive transfer was determined in 19.2% of diseased lambs. Use of hay/straw as bedding, disinfecting and shorter interval of cleaning pen, observation during lambing, vaccination of ewes and providing sufficient feeding were significantly associated with decreased risk of morbidity (P<0.05). The results revealed that a significant number of lamb contracted disease and died in neonatal period and that management faults played a role. These findings imply that maximum care should be exercised during neonatal period to increase farm profitability.

Keywords:

starvation, abortion, birth rate, congenital abnormalities, epidemiology, fetal death, infections, lambs, morbidity, mortality, muscular dystrophy, neonatal mortality, neonates, risk factors,

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