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Kifotik adölesanlarda bütüncül yaklaşımlı düzeltici egzersiz programının fiziksel uygunluğa ve beden imajına etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kifotik adölesanlarda bütüncül yaklaşımlı düzeltici egzersiz programının fiziksel uygunluğa ve beden imajına etkisini incelemektir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşları 10-18 yıl aralığında olan 62 kifotik birey dahil edildi. Bireyler basit rastgele yöntemle üç gruba ayrıldı. Gruplar, bütüncül (n=21), torakal (n=22) ve kontrol grubu (n=19) olarak düzenlendi. Bütüncül gruba düzeltici egzersizler ile birlikte postüral algı eğitimi verilirken, torakal gruba torakal bölge odaklı egzersizler uygulandı. Egzersiz gruplarına 12 hafta, haftada 3 gün 40-50 dakikalık egzersiz programları uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna müdahale yapılmadı. Fiziksel uygunluk 6 dakika yürüme testi (6DYT) ve Münih fiziksel uygunluk testinin (MFUT) alt başlıkları olan, vertikal sıçrama-basamak-top sektirme-öne eğilme-asılma-ağırlık atma testleri, beden imajı ise çok yönlü beden-benlik öz/ilişki ölçeği (ÇYBBÖ) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Eğitim sonrası, 6DYT mesafesi ve VO2 maksimum değerleri bütüncül ve torakal gruplarda düşüş gösterdi (p<0,05). Bütüncül grupta, MFU testinin alt parametrelerinden vertikal sıçrama, asılma ve ortalama değerlerinde artış görüldü (p<0,05). Torakal grupta asılma değeri artış gösterirken (p<0,05), öne eğilme ve top sektirme değerleri düşüş gösterdi (p>0,05). MFU ağırlık atma değerlerinde, gruplar arası karşılaştırmada farklılık görüldü (p<0,05). ÇYBBÖ puanları bütüncül ve torakal gruplarda düşüş gösterdi (p<0,05). ÇYBBÖ değerlerinde gruplar arası karşılaştırma bütüncül ve torakal gruplar lehine farklılık görüldü (p<0,05). Sonuç: Kifotik adölesanlarda bütüncül ve torakal egzersiz programlarının, fiziksel uygunluğun endurans ve kuvvet parametrelerinin iyileştirilmesinde etkili oldukları görüldü. Bu egzersiz programlarının kifotik bireylerde fiziksel uygunluğu geliştirmek amacıyla uygulanabileceğini düşünüyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Adölesan, Kifoz, Fiziksel uygunluk, Beden imajı

Effect of holistic approach corrective exercise program on physical fitness and body image in kyphotic adolescents

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of holistic approach corrective exercise program on physical fitness and body image in kyphotic adolescents. Methods: A total of 62 kyphotic individuals with ages between 10-18 years were included in the study. Individuals were divided into three groups using simple randomization method. The groups were organized as holistic (n=21), thoracic (n=22) and control group (n=19). The holistic group program consists of corrective exercise program and postural perception education, the thoracic group program consists of thoracic exercises. Exercise programs were applied to the exercise groups for 12 weeks, 3 days a week and 40-50 minutes. No intervention was made in the control group. Physical fitness was evaluated using 6-minute walking test (6MWT) and the subheadings of the Munich physical fitness test,(MPFT), vertical jumping-stepping-ball bouncing-forward bending-hanging-weight throwing tests, body image was assessed by multidimensional body-self self/relationship scale (MBSRS). Results: After the training, 6MWT distance and VO2 max values decreased in the holistic and thoracic groups (p<0.05). In the holistic group, vertical jump, hanging and mean values, which are the sub-parameters of the MPF test, were increased (p<0.05). While the hanging value increased in the thoracic group (p<0.05), the forward bending and ball bouncing values decreased (p>0.05). There was a difference between groups in MPF throwing weights values (p<0.05). MBSRS scores decreased in the holistic and thoracic groups (p<0.05). There was a difference between groups in MBSRS values (p<0.05). Conclusion: In kyphotic adolescents, holistic and thoracic exercise programs were found to be effective in improving physical fitness, endurance and strength parameters. We think that these exercise programs can be applied to improve physical fitness in kyphotic individuals.

Keywords:

Adolescent, Kyphosis, Physical fitness, Body image,

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