Duygu TÜRKER, Öznur GÜMÜŞ, Duygu KORKEM YORULMAZ, Tezel YILDIRIM ŞAHAN

Bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinimi olan çocukların kardeşlerinin katılım düzeylerinin incelenmesi: anne perspektifi

Amaç: Özel gereksinimli bir çocuğa sahip olmak aileler için birçok sorunu beraberinde getirmekte aile yapısında, işleyişinde ve aile üyelerinin rollerinde değişiklikler yaratmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinimli çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren kardeşlerinin katılım düzeyleri ile, katılım düzeylerini etkileyen bariyer ve destekleyicileri anne perspektifinden incelemekti. Yöntem: Çalışma bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinime sahip olan 8-17 yaş aralığındaki çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren, herhangi bir kronik rahatsızlığı olmayan kardeşleri ve anneleri ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma, bilişsel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan grupta 30 (yaş ortalaması=12,5±2,25 yıl; 10 kadın, 20 erkek), bedensel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan grupta 30 (yaş ortalaması=11,87±2,60 yıl; 16 kadın, 14 erkek) olmak üzere toplam 60 birey ile tamamlandı. Çalışmada sosyo-demografik bilgi formu ve katılımı değerlendirmek için Çocuklar ve Gençler İçin Katılım ve Çevre Ölçümü (PEM-CY) anketi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Bedensel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan çocukların okul ve toplumsal ortamlardaki etkinliklerdeki katılım düzeyleri diğer grup ile karşılaştırıldığında daha fazla idi. Bu grupta yer alan bireyler toplumsal ortamda daha fazla çevresel desteğe sahip idi (p<0,05). Bilişsel özel gereksinimli kardeşe sahip çocukların okul ve toplumsal ortamlarda daha fazla çevresel bariyere sahip olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Özel gereksinimli kardeşe sahip çocukların özellikle okul ve toplumsal ortamlara katılımlarının etkilendiği bulundu. Rehabilitasyon hizmeti veren profesyonellerin özel gereksinimli kardeşe sahip çocukları katılım açısından değerlendirmelerinin ve bu çocukların ev, okul ve toplumsal ortamlardaki katılımlarını arttırmaya yönelik müdahale stratejilerini geliştirmelerinin önemli olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Katılım, Kardeş, Çevre, Çocuk, Engellilik

Investigation of participation levels of siblings of children with cognitive or physical special needs: a mother's perspective

Purpose: Having a child with special needs brings along many problems for families and creates changes in family structure, functioning and roles of family members. The aim of the study was to examine the participation levels of siblings of children with cognitive or physical special needs who show typical development, and the barriers and supporters that affect participation levels from the perspective of the mother. Methods: The study was carried out with the siblings and mothers of children aged 8-17 who have cognitive or physical special needs, who show typical development and do not have any chronic diseases. The study was conducted in 30 (mean age=12.5±2.25 years; 10 female, 20 male) siblings in the group with cognitive special needs siblings and 30 in the group with physical special needs siblings (mean age=11.87±2.60 years; 16 female, 14 male) with a total of 60 individuals. In the study, a socio-demographic information form and Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) questionnaire were used to assess participation. Results: The participation levels of children with physical special needs sibling in school and community settings were higher when compared to the other group. Individuals in this group had more environmental support in the social environment (p<0.05). It was found that children with siblings with cognitive special needs have more environmental barriers in school and community settings (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was found that the participation of children with special needs sibling especially in school and social environments was affected. It is important for professionals who provide rehabilitation services to evaluate children with special needs siblings in terms of participation and to develop intervention strategies to increase the participation of these children at home, school and social settings.

Keywords:

Keywords: Participation, Siblings, Environment, Children, Disability,

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