The Epiphytic Lichens on Anatolian Black Pine [Pinus nigra Arnd. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe in Mt. Uludag (Bursa–Turkey)

Twenty epiphytic lichen species was found on Pinus nigra along the altitudinal gradient in the northwestern parts of Mt. Uludag (Bursa-Turkey). The most common species were Hypogymnia farinacea and Pseudevernia furfuracea. The community structure of epiphytic lichens at 1300m was found different when compare with 1200 and 1400m depend on altitude factor

PDF

___

[1] Kivistö L, Kuusinen M., 2000. Edge effects on the epiphytic lichen flora of Picea abies in middle boreal Finland. Lichenologist, 32:387- 398.
[2] Rheault H, Drapeau P, Bergeron Y, Esseen PA., 2003. Edge effects on epiphytic lichen in managed black spruce forests of eastern North America. Can. J. For. Res., 33:23-32.
[3] Giordani P., 2006. Variables influencing the distribution of epiphytic lichens in heterogeneous areas: A case study for Liguria, NW Italy. Journal of Vegetation Science, 17(2):195-206.
[4] Eversman S, Wetmore CM, Glew K, Bennet JP., 2002. Patterns of lichen diversity in Yellowstone National Park. Bryologist, 105:27- 42.
[5] McCune B, Rosentreter R, Ponzetti JM, Shaw DC., 2000. Epiphyte habitats in an old conifer forest in western Washington, USA. Bryologist, 103(3):417-427.
[6]. Müler R, Nowicki C, Barthlott W, Ibisch PL., 2003. Biodiversity and endemism mapping as a tool for regional conservation planning - Case study of the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) of the Andean rain forests in Bolivia, Biodiversity and Conservation, 12(10): 2005-2024.
[7] Hyvarinen M, Halonen P, Kauppi M., 1999. Habitat type and primary colonisation of annual shoots of conifer saplings by epiphytic lichens. Nordic Journal of Botany, 19(4):505-511.
[8] Hauck M, Hesse V, Runge M., 2002. The significance of stemflow chemistry for epiphytic lichen diversity in a dieback-affected spruce forest on Mt Brocken, northern Germany. Lichenologist, 34:415-427.
[9] Levia DF, Wubbena NP., 2006. Vertical variation of bark water storage capacity of Pinus strobus L. (Eastern white pine) in southern Illinois. Northeastern Naturalist, 13(1):131-137.
[10] Öztürk Ş., 1992. Uludağın kabuksu ve dalsı likenleri üzerinde bir arastırma. Tr J of Botany, 16:405-409.
[11] Güvenç Ş, Öztürk Ş., 2004. Lichen records from the Alpine region of Uludag (Olympos) Mountain in Bursa-Turkey. Turk J Bot, 28:299- 306.
[12] Rehder H, Gökçeoğlu M, Gebauer G, Güleryüz G., 1994. Die vegetation des Uludağ-Gebierges (Anatolien). Phytocoenologia, 24:167-192.
[13] Çetin B., 1999. The Moss Flora of the Uludag National Park (Bursa/Turkey). Tr. J. of Botany, 23:187-193.
[14] Verseghy KP., 1982. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Türkischen Flechtenflora. Studia Botanica Hungarica, 16:53-65.
[15] Schindler H., 1998. Beitrag zur Flechtenflora von Westanatolien, Turkei. Herzogia, 13:234- 237.
[16] Güleryüz G, Arslan H, Gökçeoğlu M, Rehder H., 1998. Vegetation mosaic around the first center of tourism development in the Uludag Mountain, Bursa-TURKEY. Tr. J. of Botany, 22:317-326.
[17] Kaynak G, Daşkın R, Yılmaz Ö., 2005. Bursa Bitkileri. F.Özsan Matbaacılık, Bursa .
[18] Pirintsos SA, Diamantopoulos J, Stamou GP., 1993. Analysis of the vertiıcal distribution of epiphytic lichens on Pinus nigra (Mount Olympos, Greece) along an altitudinal gradient. Vegetatio, 109:63-70.
[19] Pirintsos SA, Diamantopoulos J, Stamou GP., 1995. Analysis of the distribution of epiphytic lichens within homogeneous Fagus sylvatica stands along an altitudinal gradient (Mount Olympos, Greece). Vegetatio, 116:33-40.
[20] Ter Braak CJF, Smilauer P., 2002. CANOCO reference manual and CanoDraw for Windows user's guide: Software for canonical community ordination (version 4.5). Biometris, Wageningen and České Budějovice.
[21] Hill MO., 1979. TWINSPAN; A FORTRAN Program for Arranging Multivariate Data in an Ordered Two - Way Table by Classification of Individuals and the Attributes. Cornell University, Department of Ecology and Systematics, Ithaca, New York.
[22] Hugh G, Gauch JR., 1982. Multivariate Analysis in Community Ecology. Cambridge University Pres, New York, USA.
[23] SPSS Inc. 2002. SPSS Advanced Models 11.5, SPSS Inc., Chicago.
[24] van Herk CM., 2001. Bark pH and susceptibility to toxic air pollutants as independent causes of changes in epiphytic lichen composition in space and time. Lichenologist, 33(5):419-441.
[25] Liu C, Ilvesniemi H, Westman CJ., 2000. Biomass of arboreal lichens and its vertical distribution in a boreal coniferous forest in central Finland. Lichenologist, 32:495-504.
[26] Pirintsos SA, Diamantopoulos J, Stamou GP., 1996. Hierarchical analysis of the relationship between spatial distribution and abudance of epiphytic lichens (Mt. Olympos–Greece), Vegetatio, vol. 122: 95–106.
[27] Incerti G, Nimis PL., 2006. Biogeographical outline of epiphytic lichens in a Mediterranean area: Calabria (S Italy). The Lichenologist, 38(4):355-371.
[28] Loppi S, Pirintsos SA, Dominic VD., 1997. Analysis of the distribution of epiphytic lichens on Quercus pubescens along an altitudinal gradient in a mediterranean area (Tuscany, Central Italy). Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, 45:53-58.
[29] Coppins BJ, Coppins AM., 2006. The lichens of the Scottish native pinewoods. Forestry, 79(3): 249-259.
[30] Wolf JHD., 1993. Diversity patterns and Biomass of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens along an altitudinal gradient in the Northern Anders. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard., 80(4): 928- 960.