Filmlerdeki Kızılderili mi, Gerçek Kızılderili mi?: Western Filmlerdeki Kızılderili Betimlemelerinde Kullanılan Üç Farklı Yaklaşım

Tarihsel açıdan incelendiğinde, Kızılderililerin, Westerntürünün en yaygın ve egemen görsel öğelerinden olduğu görülmek tedir. Kızılderililerin temsil şekilleri zaman içerisinde değişikliğeuğramıştır. Kızılderilileri betimleyen filmlerin küresel piyasalardaartan popüleritesi daha çok yapımcıyı filmlerinde yerli unsurlara yervermeye teşvik etmiştir. Kızılderilileri betimleyen filmlere bakıldığın da, bu betimlemelerin üretimi ve temsil biçimlerini denetimi altındatutan otoriteye göre değişiklik sergilediği görülmektedir. Dolayısıylabu filmler, filmin kim tarafından çekildiğine bağlı olarak—Kızılderiliyönetmenler, Kızılderili olmayan yönetmenler veya Kızılderili stereo tiplerini Amerikalı olmayan dezavantajlı grupları temsil etmek için birtür vekil olarak kullanan yönetmenler—Kızılderililere yönelik farklıyaklaşımlar barındırırlar. Bu makale, belirli filmlerden örnekler ver erek, Kızılderililerin sinematik temsili üzerinde ideolojik etkiyi sahipKızılderili karakter imgelerini ve bu filmlerdeki konu ve olay örgüler ini inceleyecektir.

The Reel Indian or The Real Indian?: The Three Modes of Representation of Native Americans inWestern Movies

Historically, Native Americans have been common and dominant visual elements in the western genre. Modes of representing Native Americans in movies have developed and changed over time. The increasing popularity in global markets of films depicting Native Americans has encouraged more filmmakers to make movies that incorporate native elements. An examination of films depicting Native Americans shows that such depictions change according to who controls the production and mode of representation. The films thus reflect different attitudes about Native Americans, depending on whom the film is made by: American Indians, non-Indians, or directors who use stereotypes of American Indians as a kind of proxy to represent disadvantaged non-American peoples. Using examples from specific movies, this paper will analyze both the images of Native American characters in films and the plots or story lines which are ideologically instrumental in how Native Americans are represented cinematically.

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