United States Foreign Policy and the 9/11 Crisis

Lots of things have happened since the fateful American morning of September 11, 2001. You don’t have to be a rocket scientist to notice the differences; though that’s hardly a dead-end career option these days. Just pick up almost any newspaper and read about the after-effects of 9/11.

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  • “A Change of Heart. ” The Economist. Sept. 6, 2003: 43-44.
  • “A Question of Freedom. ” The Economist. Mar. 8, 2003 : 47-49.
  • Amanat, Abbas. “ Empowered By Violence: The Reinventing of Islamic Extremism. ” Eds. Strobe Talbott and Nayan Chanda. The Age of Terror. New York: Basic Books, 2001: 23-52.
  • Banerjee, Neela and Douglas Jehl. “America Is Said To Be Seeking Help of Former Spies on Iran. ” International Herald Tribune. July 23, 2003: 3.
  • Bova, Ben. Star Peace:: Assured Survival. New York: TOR, 1986.
  • Bradley, John R. “Crown Prince Assails ‘Forces of Evil. ’” The Washington Times. August 15, 2003: A13.
  • Brooke, James. “Japan Rolls Out Missile Shield Plan. ” International Herald Tribune . Aug. 30-31, 2003: 1, 4.
  • Burkemann, Oliver and Nick Paton. “Bush Wants To Snuff Out Potential Enemies.” The Guardian. Sept. 21, 2002 :9.
  • Büyükanıt, Yaşar. “Globalization and International Security, Part 1. ” The Turkish Daily News. May 30, 2003: 7.
  • “CIA, FBI, NSA All Faulted in Failures That Preceded Sept. 11 Terrorist Attacks.” The Turkish Daily News. July 25, 2003 :9.
  • Cooper, Richard T. “ Making Nuclear Bombs ‘Usable.’ ” Los Angeles Times. Feb. 3, 2003: A18.
  • DeLuce, Dan. “Iran Nuclear Arms Fear Grows. ” Guardian Weekly. July 24-30, 2003: 4. Dickey, Christopher and Maziar Bahari. “ Scaring the Ayatollahs. ” Newsweek. June 9, 2003: 23.
  • Dobra-Manco, Yasemin. “Turkish-American Relations: Just One Casualty of a New US Foreign Policy. ” The Turkish Daily News. June 18, 2003: 7.
  • Engel, Matthew. “Bush Sets Out Case for US First Strike. ” The Guardian . June 2, 2002: 10.
  • “EU Ponders Handling US Hyperpower. ” The Turkish Daily News. May 5, 2003: 1, 14.
  • Fitzgerald, Frances. “How Hawks Captured the White House. ” The Guardian. Sept. 24, 2002: 4.
  • Fleck, John. “New Role Is Seen For Nuke Weapons. ” Albuquerque Journal. Feb. 15, 2002: A5.
  • “France Praises Turkey’s New Iraq Policy. ” The Turkish Daily News. Apr. 24, 2003: 1, 14.
  • Friedman, Thomas L. “The Real Reasons for Going to War. ” International Herald Tribune August 4, 2003: 6.
  • Gertz, Bill and Rowan Scarborough. “Inside the Ring. ” The Washington Times. Aug. 15, 2003: A5.
  • Gibbons, Fiachra. “ US ‘is an empire in denial’: Historian Accuses Washington of Failing to Face the Facts. ” Guardian Unlimited. June 1, 2003.
  • Graham, Bradley. “Bush Secretly Orders Plan for Cyberattack. ” The Arizona Republic. Feb. 7, 2003: A 6.
  • Greenway, H. D. S. “ Fire Rumsfeld and Wolfowitz. ” International Herald Tribune. July 18, 2003 : 9.
  • Hill, Charles. “A Herculean Task: The Myth and Reality of Arab Terrorism. ” Eds. Strobe Talbott and Nayan Chanda. The Age of Terror. New York: Basic Books, 2001: 81-111.
  • Hirsh, Michael. “Our New Civil War. ” Newsweek. May 12, 2003: 38.
  • “Iran Completes Tests on Missile That Can Hit Israel. ” The Turkish Daily News. July 8, 2003: 1, 14.
  • “Iran’s Nuclear Programme: Fissionable. ” The Economist. June 14, 2003: 26.
  • “Is Poland America’s Donkey or Could It Become NATO’s Horse? ” The Economist. May 10, 2003: 25-26.
  • Jae-Suk Yoo. “N. Korea Again Accuses Washington of Planning ‘Nuclear Attack. ’” The Turkish Daily News. Mar. 10, 2003 :8.
  • Johnston, David. “ Sept. 11 Panel Cites Agencies’ Failures ” International Herald Tribune. July 24, 2003: 1, 4.
  • Johnston, David. “ FBI Agents Question Saudi on 9/11 Links. ” International Herald Tribune Aug. 6, 2003: 4.
  • Kageyama, Yuri. “Japan Rethinks Nuclear Taboo. ” Washington Post. Aug. 15, 2003: A
  • Kennedy, Paul. “Maintaining American Power: From Injury to Recovery. ” Eds. Strobe Talbott and Nayan Chanda. The Age of Terror. New York: Basic Books, 2001: 53-79.
  • Kettle, Martin. “America Wanted War. ” Guardian Weekly. July 24-30, 2003: 11.
  • Knox, Macgregor. “ America Is Fighting a Global Civil War. ” Financial Times. Apr. 15, 2003: 15 .
  • Krauthammer, Charles. “Paying the Price for Clinton’s Holiday. ” The Arizona Republic . Feb. 16, 2003 :V5.
  • Kristof, Nicholas. “Pentagon Targets in North Korea. ” International Herald Tribune. March 1-2: 4.
  • Lukacs, John A. A History of the Cold War. New York: Doubleday, 1960.
  • Lumpkin, John J. “Ex-Official: Evidence Distorted for War. ” Yahoo! News. June 7, 2003.
  • Lumpkin, John J. “US: N. Korea Nuke Plant Activity Stops. ” Yahoo! News . Sept. 11, 2003.
  • Mahoney, Leo J. “Technology, Foreign Policy, and American Culture: ‘Star Wars’ as the American Techno-Edged Sword. ” Paper. Trabzon: Karadeniz Technical University: Apr. 16, 2003: 13.
  • “Manifest Destiny Warmed Up? ” The Economist. Aug. 16, 2003: 21.
  • Matthews, Owen. “Edging Toward a Bomb? ” Newsweek . June 30/July 7, 2003: 24.
  • Mitchell, Alison. “Moving To Head Off a Digital Pearl Harbor. ” International Herald Tribune Nov. 19, 2001: 3.
  • Murphy, Brian. “A New World War? Some Say It’s Already Here. ” The Turkish Daily News Sept. 11, 2003: 7.
  • “New Fiction: Biting At The Future. ” The Economist. May 3, 2003: 76.
  • “Next On The List? ” The Economist. June 14, 2003: 25.
  • Nishihara, Masashi. “North Korea’s Trojan Horse. ” The Washington Post. Aug. 14, 2003: A19.
  • “North Korea Hardens Stance on Nukes. ” The Turkish Daily News. Apr. 7, 2003: 9.
  • Pepper, Tara. “Pigs With Six Kidneys. ” Newsweek. July 14, 2003: 60. Pfaff, William. “Bush Policy Risks Terminal Strains in NATO. ” International Herald Tribune July 21, 2003: 6.
  • -----. “The Transatlantic Dispute Simmers. ” International Herald Tribune. June 26, 2003: 8.
  • Pincus, Walter. “U. S. Considers Restocking Low-Yield Nuclear Weapons. ” The Arizona Republic . Feb. 23, 2003: A9.
  • “ PLA To Guard Border With North Korea. ” The Turkish Daily News. Sept. 16, 2003: 9.
  • Pollack, Jonathan. “Intelligence Agencies in a Swamp of Doubt. ” Los Angeles Times. Aug. 25, 2003: B11.
  • Ramberg, Bennett. “Cold Warriors Long To Bring Back The Bomb. ” International Herald Tribune. July 19-20, 2003: 6.
  • Reeves, Richard. “Bush Has America, Rest of World Running Scared. ” Albuquerque Journal Feb. 14, 2003: A14.
  • “Remorseful Bali Bomber Suspect Says He Only Followed Orders. ” The Turkish Daily News Sept. 16, 2003: 8.
  • Robinson, Linda. “What’s In The Report? ” U. S. News & World Report. Aug. 11, 2003: 20.
  • “Rumsfeld Places Bombers on Alert. ” San Francisco Chronicle. Feb. 4, 2003: A9.
  • “Rumsfeld’s Pentagon Gains Clout in US Gov’t. ” The Turkish Daily News. July 5, 2003: 14.
  • Sanger, David E. “Tougher Terms on Pyongyang. ” International Herald Tribune. Apr. 18, 2003: 1, 4.
  • Sanger, David E. and Thom Shanker. “Pyongyang Is Feared To Have 2d Nuclear Site. ” International Herald Tribune. July 21-2, 2003: 1, 4.
  • Schiesel, Seth. “Taking Aim at Enemy’s Chips. ” The New York Times. Feb. 20, 2003: E1, E5. “Seoul Says N. Korea Reprocessed Nuclear Rods. ” The Turkish Daily News. July 10, 2003: 1, 14.
  • Sharkey, Joe. “Shoe Inspections Leave Passengers Ready To Revolt. ” International Herald Tribune. June 27, 2003: 9.
  • Stellin, Susan. “Polishing Up Shoe Security. ” International Herald Tribune. July 25, 2003: 7.
  • “Tehran Pledges Commitment To Nuclear Pact. ” The Turkish Daily News. Sept. 16, 2003: 9.
  • Tetreault, Steve. “Resumption of Nuclear Testing on Bush Agenda. ” Las Vegas Review-Journal. Feb. 21, 2003: 3B.
  • “ The New National Security Strategy of the United States. ” The Turkish Daily News. Oct. 4, Oct. 5, 2002: 7.
  • Thomas, Evan and Martha Brant. “ The Education of Tommy Franks. ” Newsweek. May 19, 2003: 17- 18.
  • Tisdall, Simon. “ This Is What Europe Must Do To Resist American Might. ” The Guardian May 8, 2003: 12.
  • Turner, Jim. “ The Bottom Line: More Security. ” Los Angeles Times. Aug. 28, 2003: B17.
  • “US Gathers 20 Allies To Force Iran Nuclear Deadline.” The Turkish Daily News. Sept. 12, 2003: 9.
  • “US More Forgiving of Some War Critics Than Others.” The Turkish Daily News. May 19, 2003: 1, 14.
  • “US Repositioning Bombers Near N. Korea.” The Turkish Daily News. Mar. 6, 2003: 9.
  • Watts, Jonathan and Julian Borger.“ US Finds Evidence of Secret Nuclear Plant in North Korea.” Guardian Weekly. July 24-30, 2003: 2.
  • Wehrfritz, George and Richard Wolfe. “Second Guessing.” Newsweek. Apr. 28, 2003: 35.
  • Weisman, Steven R. “U. S. Exercises Aim at N. Korea.” San Antonio Express-News. Aug. 18, 2003: 1A, 10A.
  • White, Mark J. Missiles in Cuba: Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro and the 1962 Crisis. New York: Ivar R. Dee, Inc., 1998.
  • Wolfe, Richard and Bakak Dehghanpisheh. “ Iran: The Next Flashpoint? ” Newsweek June30/July 7, 2003: 23.
  • Zakaria, Fareed. “ Why America Scares the World and What To Do About It. ” Newsweek Mar. 24, 2003: 15-30.