Maternal Kronik Hastalık ve Enfeksiyon ile Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuğa Sahip Olma Arasındaki İlişki

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, maternal kronik hastalıklar ve enfeksiyon ile otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuğa sahip olma arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif, kesitsel ve karşılaştırmalı araştırma tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Örneklem otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuğa sahip 44, otizm dışı spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuğa sahip 55 olmak üzere 99 anne ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler çevrimiçi yöntemle (Facebook, Whatsapp and Instagram) Ekim 2020 - Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında annelerden toplanmıştır. Çalışma verileri anket formu ve Çocukluk Çağı Otizm Derecelendirme Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Maternal diyabeti (χ2= 5,196; p= 0,023) ve enfeksiyonu bulunan (χ2= 5,331; p= 0,021) annelerin çocuklarında daha fazla otizm spektrum bozukluğu görüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca cinsiyet, düşük doğum ağırlığı ve ikiz gebeliğin de otizm için risk faktörleri olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, elde edilen veriler annenin doğum öncesi dönemde sahip olduğu kronik hastalıklar ve enfeksiyonun, çocukta otizm görülme riskini artırdığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle maternal diyabet ve enfeksiyon gibi hastalıkların varlığında anne ve fetüs izlenmeli, otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuklar erken dönemde tespit edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Enfeksiyon, kronik hastalıklar, maternal, otizm spektrum bozukluğu.

The Relationship Between Maternal Chronic Disease, Infection, and Having a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between prenatal chronic diseases, infection, and autism spectrum disorder. Material and Method: Retrospective, cross-sectional and comparative research design was used. The sample was conducted with 99 mothers for the group, 44 of whom had a child with autism spectrum disorder and 55 of whom had a child with non-autism spectrum disorder. Data were collected from mothers between October 2020 and January 2021 via online methods (Facebook, Whatsapp, and Instagram). The study data was collected with a questionnaire form and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Results: It was determined that autism spectrum disorder was more common in the children of mothers with maternal diabetes (χ2= 5.196; p= 0.023) and infection (χ2= 5.331; p= 0.021). Gender, low birth weight, and twin pregnancy were also found to be risk factors for autism (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, the data obtained show that chronic diseases and infection of the mother in the prenatal period increase the risk of autism in the child. Therefore, in the presence of diseases such as maternal diabetes and infections, the mother and fetus should be monitored, and children with autism spectrum disorders should be detected at an early stage.

Keywords:

Autism spectrum disorder, chronic diseases, infection, maternal.,

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