Astımlı Çocuk ve Aölesanların Öz-Etkililiklerinin Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi

Amaç: Bu araştırma astımlı çocuk ve adölesanların öz-etkililiklerinin yaşam kalitelerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinin solunum alerjileri kliniğinde Astımlı Çocuk ve Adölesan Bilgi Formu, Astımlı Çocuk ve Adölesanlar için Öz-Etkililik Ölçeği ve Çocuklar için Astım Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılarak, takip edilen 10-18 yaş arası 137 çocuk ve adölesan ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen astımlı çocuk ve adölesanlarda astım ataklarını tetikleyen faktörlerin %34,3'ünün polen, %27,7'sinin ev tozu akarları, %16,8'inin hayvanlar olduğu ve çocuk ve adölesanların fiziksel aktiviteleri sonrasında %46.0' sının astım atağı geçirdiği bulundu. Çocukların yaşam kalitesi puan ortalamalarına göre alt boyutlara bakıldığında; en yüksek ortalama puanı "semptom" grubundadır. Astımlı çocuk ve adölesanların toplam yaşam kalitesi ve alt boyutları puanları orta ve yüksek düzeyde iken, öz-etkililik ve alt boyutları orta düzeyde olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Pediatri hemşireleri, astım atakları sırasında çocuklara ve ergenlere başedici yaklaşımlar öğretmek ve yaşam kalitelerini ve öz-yeterlik düzeylerini artırmak için tanı başlangıcından itibaren desteklemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Astım, öz-etkililik, yaşam kalitesi, çocuk ve adölesan.

The Effect of Self-Efficacy of Children and Adolescents with Asthma on Their Quality of Life

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of self-efficacy of children and adolescents with asthma on their quality of life. Material and Method: This descriptive study was conducted with 137 children and adolescents between the ages of 10-18 who were followed up by the respiratory allergies clinic of a university hospital by using the Asthmatic Child and Adolescent Information Form, Asthmatic Child and Adolescent Self-Efficacy Scale and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: The study showed that 34.3% of the factors triggering asthma attacks in children and adolescents with asthma included in the study were pollen, 27.7% were house dust mites, 16.8% were animals and 46.0% of children and adolescents had an asthma attack after physical activities. Considering the sub-dimensions according to the children's quality of life score averages, the highest mean score was in the "symptom" group. While the total quality of life and its sub-dimension scores of children and adolescents with asthma were moderate and high, self-efficacy and its sub-dimensions scores were found to be moderate. Conclusion: Pediatric nurses should support children and adolescents from the beginning of diagnosis in order to teach coping approaches, and increase their quality of life and self-efficacy levels during asthma attacks.

Keywords:

Asthma, self-efficacy, quality of life, child and adolescent,

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